External Genital Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Associated Factors Among Heterosexual Men on 5 Continents

Background. We examined the baseline prevalence of penile, scrotal, and perineal/perianal human papillomavirus (HPV) in heterosexual men (HM). We also evaluated baseline characteristics of HM to assess factors associated with prevalent HPV detection. Methods. We tested serum samples from 3463 HM age...

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Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2011-01, Vol.203 (1), p.58-65
Main Authors: Vardas, Eftyhia, Giuliano, Anna R., Goldstone, Stephen, Palefsky, Joel M., Moreira, Edson D., Penny, Mary E., Aranda, Carlos, Jessen, Heiko, Moi, Harald, Ferris, Daron G., Liaw, Kai-Li, Marshall, J. Brooke, Vuocolo, Scott, Barr, Eliav, Haupt, Richard M., Garner, Elizabeth I.O., Guris, Dalya
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Anal Canal - virology
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Biological and medical sciences
Condoms
DNA, Viral - genetics
DNA, Viral - isolation & purification
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genital Diseases, Male - epidemiology
Genital Diseases, Male - virology
Genitalia
Geographic regions
Heterosexuality
Human papillomavirus
Humans
Infections
Infectious diseases
Lesions
Major and Brief Reports
Male
Medical sciences
Men
Microbiology
Miscellaneous
Papillomaviridae - classification
Papillomaviridae - genetics
Papillomaviridae - isolation & purification
Papillomavirus infections
Papillomavirus Infections - epidemiology
Papillomavirus Infections - virology
Penis - virology
Perineum - virology
Predisposing factors
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Scrotum - virology
Sexual partners
Vaccination
Virology
VIRUSES
Young Adult
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Summary:Background. We examined the baseline prevalence of penile, scrotal, and perineal/perianal human papillomavirus (HPV) in heterosexual men (HM). We also evaluated baseline characteristics of HM to assess factors associated with prevalent HPV detection. Methods. We tested serum samples from 3463 HM aged 16-24 years with 1-5 lifetime female sexual partners for antibodies to HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18. We collected baseline swab specimens for the detection of DNA of HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59 from 3 areas: penile, scrotal, and perineal/perianal. Risk factors for prevalent HPV DNA detection were evaluated. Results. The prevalence of any tested HPV type was 18.7% at the penis, 13.1% at the scrotum, 7.9% at the perineal/perianal region, and 21.0% at any site. Having >3 lifetime female sexual partners had the greatest impact on HPV prevalence: odds ratio (OR) 3.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.1-4.9) for HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18; and OR 4.5 (95% CI 3.3-6.1) for all HPV types tested. HPV DNA detection was highest in Africa. Neither condom usage nor circumcision was associated with HPV DNA prevalence. Conclusion. Genital-HPV DNA detection is common in young, sexually active HM. We found HPV to be most prevalent in African men and least prevalent in men from the Asia-Pacific region. Increased numbers of sexual partners was an important risk factor for HPV DNA prevalence.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
1537-6613
0022-1899
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiq015