Dietary Methionine Restriction Increases Fat Oxidation in Obese Adults with Metabolic Syndrome

Dietary methionine restriction increased fat oxidation and decreased intrahepatic lipid content in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Objective: In preclinical reports, restriction of dietary methionine intake was shown to enhance metabolic flexibility, improve lipid profiles, and reduce fat depos...

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Published in:The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2011-05, Vol.96 (5), p.E836-E840
Main Authors: Plaisance, Eric P, Greenway, Frank L, Boudreau, Anik, Hill, Kasey L, Johnson, William D, Krajcik, Rozlyn A, Perrone, Carmen E, Orentreich, Norman, Cefalu, William T, Gettys, Thomas W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose Tissue - drug effects
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Biomarkers - blood
Body composition
Body Composition - physiology
Cohort Studies
Cystine - blood
Diet
Diet (weight control)
Dietary Fats - metabolism
Double-Blind Method
Energy cost
Energy Metabolism - physiology
Fats - metabolism
Female
Flexibility
Glucose - metabolism
Hormones
Humans
Insulin Resistance - physiology
JCEM Online: Brief Reports
Kinetics
Lipids
Liver - metabolism
Male
Metabolic Syndrome - metabolism
Methionine - blood
Methionine - pharmacology
Middle Aged
Obesity
Obesity - metabolism
Oxidation-Reduction
Waist Circumference - physiology
Weight control
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Summary:Dietary methionine restriction increased fat oxidation and decreased intrahepatic lipid content in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Objective: In preclinical reports, restriction of dietary methionine intake was shown to enhance metabolic flexibility, improve lipid profiles, and reduce fat deposition. The present report is the outcome of a “proof of concept” study to evaluate the efficacy of dietary methionine restriction (MR) in humans with metabolic syndrome. Methods: Twenty-six obese subjects (six male and 20 female) meeting criteria for metabolic syndrome were randomized to a diet restricted to 2 mg methionine/kg body weight per day and were provided capsules containing either placebo (n = 12) or 33 mg methionine/kg body weight per day (n = 14). Energy expenditure, body composition, insulin sensitivity, and biomarkers of metabolic syndrome were measured before and after 16 wk on the respective diets. Results: Insulin sensitivity and biomarkers of metabolic syndrome improved comparably in both dietary groups. Rates of energy expenditure were unaffected by the diets, but dietary MR produced a significant increase in fat oxidation (MR, 12.1 ± 6.0% increase; control, 8.1 ± 3.3% decrease) and reduction in intrahepatic lipid content (MR liver/spleen attenuation ratio, 8.1 ± 3.3% increase; control ratio, 2.2 ± 2.1% increase) that was independent of the comparable reduction in weight and adiposity that occurred in both groups. Conclusions: Sixteen weeks of dietary MR in subjects with metabolic syndrome produced a shift in fuel oxidation that was independent of the weight loss, decreased adiposity, and improved insulin sensitivity that was common to both diets.
ISSN:0021-972X
1945-7197
DOI:10.1210/jc.2010-2493