Clinical manifestations in individuals with recent diagnosis of HTLV type I infection

Abstract Background Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is known to cause HTLV-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis and adult T cell leukemia. A growing body of evidence links HTLV-1 infection with an increasing spectrum of disease, including uveitis, periodontal disease,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical virology 2011-05, Vol.51 (1), p.54-58
Main Authors: Poetker, Shelene K.W, Porto, Aurelia F, Giozza, Silvana P, Muniz, Andre L, Caskey, Marina F, Carvalho, Edgar M, Glesby, Marshall J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age Factors
Allergy and Immunology
Analysis of Variance
Arthropathy, Neurogenic - diagnosis
Arthropathy, Neurogenic - etiology
Arthropathy, Neurogenic - virology
Biological and medical sciences
Brazil
Clinical manifestations
Confidence Intervals
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
HTLV-1
HTLV-I Infections - complications
HTLV-I Infections - diagnosis
HTLV-I Infections - virology
Human T-lymphotropic virus
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 - pathogenicity
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infectious Disease
Infectious diseases
Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell - diagnosis
Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell - etiology
Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell - virology
Male
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Miscellaneous
Natural history
Neurologic manifestations
Neuropathy
Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic - diagnosis
Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic - etiology
Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic - virology
Periodontal Diseases - diagnosis
Periodontal Diseases - etiology
Periodontal Diseases - virology
Sex Factors
Sjogren's Syndrome - diagnosis
Sjogren's Syndrome - etiology
Sjogren's Syndrome - virology
Uveitis - diagnosis
Uveitis - etiology
Uveitis - virology
Viral diseases
Virology
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Summary:Abstract Background Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is known to cause HTLV-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis and adult T cell leukemia. A growing body of evidence links HTLV-1 infection with an increasing spectrum of disease, including uveitis, periodontal disease, arthropathy, sicca syndrome, and neurologic deficits. Objectives Despite recent findings, the natural history of HTLV-1 infection remains poorly defined. This study was designed to better characterize initial clinical and neurological findings in individuals diagnosed with HTLV-1 infection. Study design We conducted a cross-sectional study of 71 individuals recently diagnosed with HTLV-1 and 71 uninfected age- and sex-matched blood donors in Salvador, Brazil. Subjects were administered a standardized questionnaire and underwent physical exam. Results HTLV-1 infected subjects were significantly more likely than controls to report complaints of hand and foot numbness (OR = 5.3; 95% CI: 1.8–15.3; p = 0.002 and OR = 4.0; 95% CI: 1.3–12; p = 0.013 respectively), difficulty running (OR = 4.0; 95% CI: 1.1–14.2; p = 0.032), nocturia (OR = 5.0; 95% CI: 1.1–22.8; p = 0.038), arthralgia (OR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.4–7.7; p = 0.006), and photophobia (OR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.4–7.7; p = 0.006). Conclusions Neurologic, ocular and rheumatologic complaints may be the first manifestations of HTLV-1 infection. Therefore, all patients presenting with initial diagnosis should be rigorously screened for these symptoms.
ISSN:1386-6532
1873-5967
DOI:10.1016/j.jcv.2011.02.004