Human Polyomavirus-Associated Cerebral Disorders in the Post-HAART Era

Human polyomavirus JC is the causative agent of a deadly form of sudden onset dementia, progressive multifocal leukocoencephalopathy (PML). PML is highly prevalent in immunodeficient populations, specially those undergoing chemotherapy, immunosuppressive treatments for autoimmune conditions, and HIV...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pathology Research International 2011-02, Vol.2011 (2011), p.1-3
Main Authors: Cedeno-Laurent, Filiberto, Penalva de Oliveira, Augusto C., Vidal, José E., Trujillo, J. Roberto
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brain diseases
Care and treatment
Complications and side effects
Diagnosis
DNA virus infections
Forecasts and trends
Health aspects
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
Methods
Polyoma virus
Review
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Summary:Human polyomavirus JC is the causative agent of a deadly form of sudden onset dementia, progressive multifocal leukocoencephalopathy (PML). PML is highly prevalent in immunodeficient populations, specially those undergoing chemotherapy, immunosuppressive treatments for autoimmune conditions, and HIV-1/AIDS patients. In fact, before the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens became available, PML was a leading cause of death in HIV-1 seropositive individuals. However, patients under HAART show increased survival times with better prognoses. In this report we described the main differences between PML before and after the HAART era; highlighting the new patterns of presentation, the neurotropism of other human polyomaviruses, and the increased prevalence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), as a complication of PML in patients under HAART. Lastly, we propose a revised classification of human poliomavirus-associated cerebral disorders that may reflect more accurately what clinicians encounter in their everyday practice.
ISSN:2090-8091
2042-003X
2042-003X
DOI:10.4061/2011/562427