Differentiation and regenerative capacities of human odontoma-derived mesenchymal cells

Regenerating human tooth ex vivo and biological repair of dental caries are hampered by non-viable odontogenic stem cells that can regenerate different tooth components. Odontoma is a developmental dental anomaly that may contain putative post-natal stem cells with the ability to differentiate and r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Differentiation (London) 2009-01, Vol.77 (1), p.29-37
Main Authors: Song, Jin-Seon, Stefanik, Derek, Damek-Poprawa, Monika, Alawi, Faizan, Akintoye, Sunday O.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Animals
Cell Differentiation
Cell Separation
Cells, Cultured
Child
Dentin
Female
Humans
Male
Mesenchymal
Mesenchymal Stem Cells - cytology
Mice
Middle Aged
Odontoblasts
Odontoma
Odontoma - physiopathology
Regeneration
Tooth - cytology
Tooth - physiology
Tooth regeneration
Young Adult
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Summary:Regenerating human tooth ex vivo and biological repair of dental caries are hampered by non-viable odontogenic stem cells that can regenerate different tooth components. Odontoma is a developmental dental anomaly that may contain putative post-natal stem cells with the ability to differentiate and regenerate in vivo new dental structures that may include enamel, dentin, cementum and pulp tissues. We evaluated odontoma tissues from 14 patients and further isolated and characterized human odontoma-derived mesenchymal cells (HODCs) with neural stem cell and hard tissue regenerative properties from a group of complex odontoma tissues from 1 of 14 patients. Complex odontoma was more common (9 of 14) than compound type and females (9 of 14) were more affected than males in our set of patients. HODCs were highly proliferative like dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) but demonstrated stronger neural immunophenotype than both DPSCs and mandible bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) by expressing higher levels of nestin, Sox 2 and βIII-tubulin. When transplanted with hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate into immunocompromised mice, HODCs differentiated and regenerated calcified hard tissues in vivo that were morphologically and quantitatively comparable to those generated by DPSCs and BMSCs. When transplanted with polycaprolactone (biodegradable carrier), HODCs differentiated to form new predentin on the surface of a dentin platform. Newly formed predentin contained numerous distinct dentinal tubules and an apparent dentin–pulp arrangement. HODCs represent unique odontogenic progenitors that readily commit to formation of dental hard tissues.
ISSN:0301-4681
1432-0436
DOI:10.1016/j.diff.2008.09.005