Interactions of the circadian CLOCK system and the HPA axis

Organisms have developed concurrent behavioral and physiological adaptations to the strong influence of day/night cycles, as well as to unforeseen, random stress stimuli. These circadian and stress-related responses are achieved by two highly conserved and interrelated regulatory networks, the circa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in endocrinology and metabolism 2010-05, Vol.21 (5), p.277-286
Main Authors: Nader, Nancy, Chrousos, George P, Kino, Tomoshige
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Clocks - physiology
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Chronobiology
Circadian Rhythm - physiology
Cushing Syndrome - physiopathology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Glucocorticoids - physiology
Humans
Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiology
Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiology
Receptors, Glucocorticoid - physiology
Stress, Physiological - physiology
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Vertebrates: endocrinology
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Summary:Organisms have developed concurrent behavioral and physiological adaptations to the strong influence of day/night cycles, as well as to unforeseen, random stress stimuli. These circadian and stress-related responses are achieved by two highly conserved and interrelated regulatory networks, the circadian CLOCK and stress systems, which respectively consist of oscillating molecular pacemakers, the Clock/Bmal1 transcription factors, and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and its end-effector, the glucocorticoid receptor. These systems communicate with one another at different signaling levels and dysregulation of either system can lead to development of pathologic conditions. In this review, we summarize the mutual physiologic interactions between the circadian CLOCK system and the HPA axis, and discuss their clinical implications.
ISSN:1043-2760
1879-3061
DOI:10.1016/j.tem.2009.12.011