Directional Surface Plasmon Coupled Luminescence for Analytical Sensing Applications: Which Metal, What Wavelength, What Observation Angle?

The ability of luminescent species in the near-field to both induce and couple to surface plasmons has been known for many years, with highly directional emission from films (Surface Plasmon Coupled Luminescence, SPCL) facilitating the development of sensitive near-field assay sensing platforms, to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Analytical chemistry (Washington) 2009-08, Vol.81 (16), p.6913-6922
Main Authors: Aslan, Kadir, Geddes, Chris D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical chemistry
Biological and medical sciences
Biosensors
Biotechnology
Chemical and thermal methods
Chemistry
Exact sciences and technology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Metals - analysis
Metals - blood
Methods. Procedures. Technologies
Spectrometric and optical methods
Surface Plasmon Resonance
Various methods and equipments
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Summary:The ability of luminescent species in the near-field to both induce and couple to surface plasmons has been known for many years, with highly directional emission from films (Surface Plasmon Coupled Luminescence, SPCL) facilitating the development of sensitive near-field assay sensing platforms, to name but just one application. Because of the near-field nature of the effect, only luminescent species (fluorescence, chemiluminescence and phosphorescence) within a few hundred nanometers from the surface play a role in coupling, which in terms of biosensing, provides for limited penetration into optically dense media, such as in whole blood. Another attractive feature is the highly polarized and angular dependent emission which allows both fixed angle and wavelength dependent emission angles to be realized at high polarization ratios. In this paper, a generic procedure based on theoretical Fresnel calculations, which outlines the step-by-step selection of an appropriate metal for SPCL applications is presented. It is also shown that 11 different metals have differing properties in different spectral regions and offer either fixed angle or wavelength-dependent angular shifts in emission. In addition, it is shown that both chemiluminescence and phosphorescence can also be observed in a highly directional manner similar to coupled fluorescence.
ISSN:0003-2700
1520-6882
DOI:10.1021/ac900973r