Daily rhythms in PER1 within and beyond the suprachiasmatic nucleus of female grass rats ( Arvicanthis niloticus )

Abstract Although circadian rhythms of males and females are different in a variety of ways in many species, their mechanisms have been primarily studied in males. Furthermore, rhythms are dramatically different in diurnal and nocturnal animals but have been studied predominantly in nocturnal ones....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuroscience 2008-09, Vol.156 (1), p.48-58
Main Authors: Ramanathan, C, Nunez, A.A, Smale, L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological - physiology
Animals
Arvicanthis niloticus
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Clocks - physiology
Cell Count
Cell Cycle Proteins - metabolism
central amygdala
Circadian Rhythm - physiology
diurnal rhythm
Dopamine - biosynthesis
extra-SCN
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Immunohistochemistry
Limbic System - anatomy & histology
Limbic System - metabolism
Murinae - metabolism
Neural Pathways - anatomy & histology
Neural Pathways - metabolism
Neurology
Neurons - metabolism
Neurosecretory Systems - anatomy & histology
Neurosecretory Systems - metabolism
oval nucleus of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
Photic Stimulation
Sex Characteristics
Species Specificity
suprachiasmatic nucleus
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - metabolism
tyrosine hydroxylase
Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
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Summary:Abstract Although circadian rhythms of males and females are different in a variety of ways in many species, their mechanisms have been primarily studied in males. Furthermore, rhythms are dramatically different in diurnal and nocturnal animals but have been studied predominantly in nocturnal ones. In the present study, we examined rhythms in one element of the circadian oscillator, the PER1 protein, in a variety of cell populations in brains of diurnal female grass rats. Every 4 h five adult female grass rats kept on a 12-h light/dark (LD) cycle were perfused and their brains were processed for immunohistochemical detection of PER1. Numbers of PER1-labeled cells were rhythmic not only within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the locus of the primary circadian clock in mammals, but also in the peri-suprachiasmatic region, the oval nucleus of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the central amygdala, and the nucleus accumbens. In addition, rhythms were detected within populations of neuroendocrine cells that contain tyrosine hydroxylase. The phase of the rhythm within the SCN was advanced compared with that seen previously in male grass rats. Rhythms beyond the SCN were varied and different from those seen in most nocturnal species, suggesting that signals originating in the SCN are modified by its direct and/or indirect targets in different ways in nocturnal and diurnal species.
ISSN:0306-4522
1873-7544
DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.07.020