A Two-Step Mechanism for Stem Cell Activation during Hair Regeneration

Hair follicles (HFs) undergo cyclic bouts of degeneration, rest, and regeneration. During rest (telogen), the hair germ (HG) appears as a small cell cluster between the slow-cycling bulge and dermal papilla (DP). Here we show that HG cells are derived from bulge stem cells (SCs) but become responsiv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell stem cell 2009-02, Vol.4 (2), p.155-169
Main Authors: GRECO, Valentina, TING CHEN, RENDL, Michael, SCHOBER, Markus, AMALIA PASOLLI, H, STOKES, Nicole, DELA CRUZ-RACELIS, June, FUCHS, Elaine
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
beta Catenin - genetics
beta Catenin - metabolism
Biological and medical sciences
Cell differentiation, maturation, development, hematopoiesis
Cell Lineage
Cell physiology
Cells, Cultured
Female
Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 - genetics
Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 - metabolism
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hair Follicle - cytology
Hair Follicle - physiology
Mice
Mice, Transgenic
Molecular and cellular biology
Morphogenesis - physiology
Regeneration - physiology
Signal Transduction - physiology
Stem Cells - cytology
Stem Cells - physiology
Transcription, Genetic
Wnt Proteins - genetics
Wnt Proteins - metabolism
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Summary:Hair follicles (HFs) undergo cyclic bouts of degeneration, rest, and regeneration. During rest (telogen), the hair germ (HG) appears as a small cell cluster between the slow-cycling bulge and dermal papilla (DP). Here we show that HG cells are derived from bulge stem cells (SCs) but become responsive quicker to DP-promoting signals. In vitro, HG cells also proliferate sooner but display shorter-lived potential than bulge cells. Molecularly, they more closely resemble activated bulge rather than transit-amplifying (matrix) cells. Transcriptional profiling reveals precocious activity of both HG and DP in late telogen, accompanied by Wnt signaling in HG and elevated FGFs and BMP inhibitors in DP. FGFs and BMP inhibitors participate with Wnts in exerting selective and potent stimuli to the HG both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings suggest a model where HG cells fuel initial steps in hair regeneration, while the bulge is the engine maintaining the process.
ISSN:1934-5909
1875-9777
DOI:10.1016/j.stem.2008.12.009