Superantigen-mediated differentiation of bovine monocytes into dendritic cells

Although many effects of staphylococcal superantigens (SAg) on T cells are well established, less is known about their effects on APC. In this study, bovine PBMC were stimulated with a low dose of staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 (SEC1). The phenotype of adherent cells (Ac) derived from bovine PBMC cul...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of leukocyte biology 2009-04, Vol.85 (4), p.606-616
Main Authors: Seo, Keun Seok, Park, Joo Youn, Davis, William C., Fox, Lawrence K., McGuire, Mark A., Park, Yong Ho, Bohach, Gregory A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antigens, CD
autologous MLR
Cattle
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Cell Development, Growth, Differentiation, and Trafficking
Cell Differentiation - drug effects
Cell Differentiation - immunology
Cell Movement - immunology
Cell Proliferation
Cells, Cultured
Chemokines
Dendritic Cells - cytology
Enterotoxins - pharmacology
Granulocytes
Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
Immunophenotyping
leukocyte trafficking
Leukocytes, Mononuclear
Monocytes - cytology
Monocytes - drug effects
Monocytes - immunology
staphylococcal enterotoxin C1
Superantigens - pharmacology
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Summary:Although many effects of staphylococcal superantigens (SAg) on T cells are well established, less is known about their effects on APC. In this study, bovine PBMC were stimulated with a low dose of staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 (SEC1). The phenotype of adherent cells (Ac) derived from bovine PBMC cultured with SEC1 [SEC1‐stimulated Ac (sAc)] for 192 h was CD14−, CD68−, CD163−, dendritic cell (DC)‐specific ICAM‐3‐grabbing nonintegrin+, MHC class II (MHC II)high, CD11alow, CD11bhigh, CD11chigh, and CD1bhigh, suggesting these cells were dendritic cells (DC). SEC1 also induced transcription of the CXCL1, ‐2, and ‐3 family, CXCL6, CCL2, and CCL5 genes in sAc, which increased rapidly but returned to basal levels by 48 h. In contrast, increased transcription of CCL3, CCL8, and CXCL12, responsible for mononuclear cell migration and chronic inflammation, was sustained. In vitro cell migration assays showed vigorous migration of granulocytes, followed by migration of mononuclear cells. The autologous MLR showed that sAc induced a dose‐dependent proliferation of CD4+ T cells and an even stronger proliferation of CD8+ T cells. This effect was inhibited or reduced by pretreatment with mAb to CD11b, MHC II, or MHC II plus CD18. These results indicate that stimulation of bovine PBMC by SAg induces differentiation of monocytes into DC.
ISSN:0741-5400
1938-3673
DOI:10.1189/jlb.0608338