Relationship Between Frailty and Cognitive Decline in Older Mexican Americans

OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between frailty status and change in cognitive function over time in older Mexican Americans. DESIGN: Data used were from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly. SETTING: Five southwestern states: Texas, New Mexico, Col...

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Published in:Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (JAGS) 2008-10, Vol.56 (10), p.1845-1852
Main Authors: Samper-Ternent, Rafael, Al Snih, Soham, Raji, Mukaila A., Markides, Kyriakos S., Ottenbacher, Kenneth J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Altretamine
Biological and medical sciences
Cognition Disorders - complications
Cognition Disorders - ethnology
Cognitive ability
cognitive decline
Comorbidity
Female
Frail Elderly - psychology
Frailty
General aspects
Geriatric Assessment
Hand Strength
Hispanic Americans
Humans
Male
Medical disorders
Medical sciences
Mental Status Schedule
Mexican Americans
Mexican Americans - psychology
Miscellaneous
Motor Activity
Muscle Strength
Older people
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Southwestern United States
Vision Disorders - complications
Walking
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Summary:OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between frailty status and change in cognitive function over time in older Mexican Americans. DESIGN: Data used were from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly. SETTING: Five southwestern states: Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, and California. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand three hundred seventy noninstitutionalized Mexican‐American men and women aged 65 and older with a Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 21 or higher at baseline (1995/96). MEASUREMENTS: Frailty, defined as three or more of the following components: unintentional weight loss of more than 10 pounds, weakness (lowest 20% in grip strength), self‐reported exhaustion, slow walking speed (lowest 20% in 16‐foot walk time in seconds), and low physical activity level (lowest 20% on Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly score). Information about sociodemographic factors, MMSE score, medical conditions (stroke, heart attack, diabetes mellitus, arthritis, cancer, and hypertension), depressive symptoms, and visual impairment was obtained. RESULTS: Of the 1,370 subjects, 684 (49.9%) were not frail, 626 (45.7%) were prefrail (1–2 components), and 60 (4.4%) were frail (≥3 components) in 1995/96. Using general linear mixed models, it was found that frail subjects had greater cognitive decline over 10 years than not frail subjects (estimate=−0.67, standard error=0.13; P
ISSN:0002-8614
1532-5415
DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01947.x