Oral Contraceptives and the Risk of All Cancers Combined and Site-Specific Cancers in Shanghai

From 1998 to 1991, an in-person baseline interview was administered to approximately 267,400 female textile workers in Shanghai, China. The cohort was followed until July 2000 for incident cancer cases. Incidence rate ratios (RR) for 12 types of cancers in users of oral contraceptives (OCs) were cal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer causes & control 2009-02, Vol.20 (1), p.27-34
Main Authors: Rosenblatt, Karin A., Gao, Dao L., Ray, Roberta M., Nelson, Zakia C., Wernli, Karen J., Li, Wenjin, Thomas, David B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Annual reports
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Birth control
Breast cancer
Cancer
Cancer Research
Case control studies
China
Cohort Studies
Contraceptives, Oral - adverse effects
Developing countries
Epidemiology
Factories
Female
Gallbladder
Hematology
Humans
LDCs
Neoplasms - chemically induced
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Oncology
Oral contraceptives
Original Paper
Ovarian cancer
Ovaries
Predisposing factors
Public Health
Questionnaires
Risk Assessment
Statistical significance
Textile industry
Trends
Tumors
Womens health
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Summary:From 1998 to 1991, an in-person baseline interview was administered to approximately 267,400 female textile workers in Shanghai, China. The cohort was followed until July 2000 for incident cancer cases. Incidence rate ratios (RR) for 12 types of cancers in users of oral contraceptives (OCs) were calculated using Cox Proportional Hazards analysis. There was a reduced risk of uterine corpus cancer for women who had ever used OCs (RR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.45–1.04) and a trend of decreasing risk with increasing duration of use (p = 0.015). There was an increased risk of colon cancer in women who had used OCs for 10 years or more (RR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.01–2.40) and an increased risk of rectal cancer in women who had ever used OCs (RR = 1.31, 95% CI = 0.98–1.75), with a trend of increasing risk with increasing duration of use (p = 0.017), but these associations may have been due to uncontrolled confounding by physical activity or other non-causal factors. No associations were observed between OCs and the risk of all cancers combined or for any of the nine other cancers. It is unlikely that the use of OCs has contributed to the temporal trends in cancer incidence in China in recent decades.
ISSN:0957-5243
1573-7225
DOI:10.1007/s10552-008-9213-y