Pyloric tonsil as a novel gut‐associated lymphoepithelial organ of the chicken

The pyloric tonsil is a novel peripheral lymphoepithelial organ of the gastrointestinal tract in the chicken. It forms a complete lymphoid ring at the beginning of the duodenum, where crypts of Lieberkühn are transformed to tonsillar crypts with lymphoepithelial lining. The oesophageal (described pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of anatomy 2007-09, Vol.211 (3), p.407-411
Main Authors: Nagy, Nándor, Oláh, Imre
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
B-Lymphocytes - immunology
Biomarkers - analysis
Brief Communication
CD3 Complex - analysis
chicken
Chickens - immunology
Dendritic Cells, Follicular - immunology
Female
follicular dendritic cell
GALT
germinal centre
Immunohistochemistry
Leukocyte Common Antigens - analysis
Lymphoid Tissue - anatomy & histology
Lymphoid Tissue - ultrastructure
M cell
Male
pyloric tonsil
Pylorus - anatomy & histology
Pylorus - immunology
Pylorus - ultrastructure
Staining and Labeling
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Vimentin - analysis
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Summary:The pyloric tonsil is a novel peripheral lymphoepithelial organ of the gastrointestinal tract in the chicken. It forms a complete lymphoid ring at the beginning of the duodenum, where crypts of Lieberkühn are transformed to tonsillar crypts with lymphoepithelial lining. The oesophageal (described previously) and pyloric tonsils are characteristic of the chicken, while they are absent in mammals. The lymphoid system develops from the middle germ layer, the mesoderm, and forms connections with the ecto‐ and endoderm, namely the skin and gut, respectively. These connections are based on the lymphoepithelial lining of the crypts, and provide gates for environmental antigens. Recent findings, taken together with the literature, suggest that in birds the lymphoid system forms connections with the endoderm‐derived organs that are anatomically and histologically more extensive than the ectoderm‐derived ones, which may be explained by the absence of regional lymph nodes, and the less developed lymphoid circulation of the skin.
ISSN:0021-8782
1469-7580
DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2007.00766.x