An evaluation of screening for lung cancer in Niigata Prefecture, Japan: a population-based case-control study

Although an annual screening programme for lung cancer has been carried out widely in Japan since 1987, there is insufficient evidence to confirm its efficacy in terms of reducing mortality. In order to evaluate the efficacy of the lung cancer screening which has been widely carried out in Japan sin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of cancer 2001-11, Vol.85 (9), p.1326-1331
Main Authors: TSUKADA, H, KURITA, Y, YOKOYAMA, A, WAKAI, S, NAKAYAMA, T, SAGAWA, M, MISAWA, H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Biological and medical sciences
Case-Control Studies
Cause of Death
Female
Humans
Japan - epidemiology
Lung cancer
Lung Neoplasms - diagnosis
Lung Neoplasms - mortality
Male
Mass Screening
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
Pneumology
Radiography, Thoracic
Regular
Tumors of the respiratory system and mediastinum
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Summary:Although an annual screening programme for lung cancer has been carried out widely in Japan since 1987, there is insufficient evidence to confirm its efficacy in terms of reducing mortality. In order to evaluate the efficacy of the lung cancer screening which has been widely carried out in Japan since 1987, a case-control study was conducted in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. In the study area, chest X-ray examinations for all participants and sputum cytology for high-risk participants were offered annually. Case subjects, who had died from lung cancer (174), and control subjects matched by sex, year of birth, residence and smoking status (801), who had been alive at the time of diagnosis of the corresponding case, were selected from the National Health Insurance holders. Screening histories of the subjects were compared between cases and matched controls for the identical calendar period before the time of diagnosis of the cases. The odds ratio of death from lung cancer for those screened within 12 months vs those not screened was 0.401 (95% CI: 0.272-0.591) with adjustment by smoking index. Our results suggest that annual lung cancer screening might reduce mortality from lung cancer by approximately 60%.
ISSN:0007-0920
1532-1827
DOI:10.1054/bjoc.2001.2060