The genetics of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: dissecting psychosis

Much work has been done to identify susceptibility genes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Several well established linkages have emerged in schizophrenia. Strongly supported regions are 6p24–22, 1q21–22, and 13q32–34, while other promising regions include 8p21–22, 6q16–25, 22q11–12, 5q21–q33,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Medical Genetics 2005-03, Vol.42 (3), p.193-204
Main Authors: Craddock, N, O’Donovan, M C, Owen, M J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Bipolar disorder
Bipolar Disorder - genetics
Cardiology. Vascular system
Chromosome Aberrations
Chromosomes
Epidemiology
Gene loci
General aspects. Genetic counseling
Genetic Linkage
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genetics
Genomes
Humans
Medical genetics
Medical sciences
Morbidity
nosology
Psychosis
Review
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - genetics
Studies
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Summary:Much work has been done to identify susceptibility genes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Several well established linkages have emerged in schizophrenia. Strongly supported regions are 6p24–22, 1q21–22, and 13q32–34, while other promising regions include 8p21–22, 6q16–25, 22q11–12, 5q21–q33, 10p15–p11, and 1q42. Genomic regions of interest in bipolar disorder include 6q16–q22, 12q23–q24, and regions of 9p22–p21, 10q21–q22, 14q24–q32, 13q32–q34, 22q11–q22, and chromosome 18. Recently, specific genes or loci have been implicated in both disorders and, crucially, replicated. Current evidence supports NRG1, DTNBP1, DISC1, DAOA(G72), DAO, and RGS4 as schizophrenia susceptibility loci. For bipolar disorder the strongest evidence supports DAOA(G72) and BDNF. Increasing evidence suggests an overlap in genetic susceptibility across the traditional classification systems that dichotomised psychotic disorders into schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, most notably with association findings at DAOA(G72), DISC1, and NRG1. Future identification of psychosis susceptibility genes will have a major impact on our understanding of disease pathophysiology and will lead to changes in classification and the clinical practice of psychiatry.
ISSN:0022-2593
1468-6244
1468-6244
DOI:10.1136/jmg.2005.030718