RNA Interference Directs Innate Immunity Against Viruses in Adult Drosophila

Innate immunity against bacterial and fungal pathogens is mediated by Toll and immune deficiency (Imd) pathways, but little is known about the antiviral response in DROSOPHILA: Here, we demonstrate that an RNA interference pathway protects adult flies from infection by two evolutionarily diverse vir...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2006-04, Vol.312 (5772), p.452-454
Main Authors:	Wang, Xiao-Hong, Aliyari, Roghiyh, Li, Wan-Xiang, Li, Hong-Wei, Kim, Kevin, Carthew, Richard, Atkinson, Peter, Ding, Shou-Wei
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adults Animals Antivirals Argonaute Proteins Biological and medical sciences Cell Line Cricket paralysis virus disease resistance double-stranded RNA Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila melanogaster - embryology Drosophila melanogaster - genetics Drosophila melanogaster - immunology Drosophila melanogaster - virology Drosophila Proteins - genetics Drosophila Proteins - metabolism Drosophila Proteins - physiology Embryo, Nonmammalian - immunology Embryo, Nonmammalian - virology Embryos Escherichia coli - physiology Flock house virus Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gene silencing Immunity Immunity, Innate Immunology Infections Innate immunity insect diseases Insect Viruses - genetics Insect Viruses - physiology Insects Microbiology Micrococcus luteus - physiology Mutation Nodaviridae - physiology Replicative cycle, interference, host-virus relations, pathogenicity, miscellaneous strains Ribonuclease III Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA Helicases - genetics RNA Helicases - metabolism RNA Interference RNA Viruses - genetics RNA Viruses - physiology RNA, Double-Stranded - metabolism RNA, Small Interfering - metabolism RNA, Viral - genetics RNA, Viral - metabolism RNA-Binding Proteins - genetics RNA-Binding Proteins - physiology RNA-Induced Silencing Complex - genetics RNA-Induced Silencing Complex - physiology Signal Transduction Small interfering RNA Toll-Like Receptors - physiology Tolls Transfection Virology Virus Replication Viruses
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Summary:	Innate immunity against bacterial and fungal pathogens is mediated by Toll and immune deficiency (Imd) pathways, but little is known about the antiviral response in DROSOPHILA: Here, we demonstrate that an RNA interference pathway protects adult flies from infection by two evolutionarily diverse viruses. Our work also describes a molecular framework for the viral immunity, in which viral double-stranded RNA produced during infection acts as the pathogen trigger whereas Drosophila Dicer-2 and Argonaute-2 act as host sensor and effector, respectively. These findings establish a Drosophila model for studying the innate immunity against viruses in animals.
ISSN:	0036-8075 1095-9203