Infection with Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus stimulates an early gamma interferon response in the serum of pigs

The early release of cytokines by cells involved in innate immunity is an important host response to intracellular pathogens. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) is an important cytokine produced during the early stages of an infection by macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and other cell types, and it...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Canadian journal of veterinary research 2006-07, Vol.70 (3), p.176-182
Main Authors: Wesley, R.D, Lager, K.M, Kehrli, M.E. Jr
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
immune response
Interferon-gamma - blood
Interferon-gamma - metabolism
interferons
Killer Cells, Natural - immunology
natural killer cells
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome - blood
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome - immunology
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - pathogenicity
Random Allocation
strain differences
Swine
Time Factors
vaccination
Vaccination - veterinary
viremia
Viremia - veterinary
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Summary:The early release of cytokines by cells involved in innate immunity is an important host response to intracellular pathogens. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) is an important cytokine produced during the early stages of an infection by macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and other cell types, and it is also a central cytokine mediator for the induction of cellular or Th1 immunity. To better understand innate and adaptive immune responses after infection with Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), we investigated serum IFN-gamma concentrations and the duration of viremia. For 2 strains of atypical PRRSV, IFN-gamma was detectable in swine serum soon after infection and lasted for approximately 3 wk. Serum concentrations of IFN-gamma peaked at about 10 d after inoculation and returned to approximately baseline levels by day 22. However, individual pigs manifested short, sporadic increases in the serum concentration of IFN-gamma from 18 to 50 d after inoculation. Prior vaccination blocked the serum IFN-gamma response associated with homologous virus challenge and altered the kinetics of the response after heterologous challenge. Two other respiratory viruses of pigs, Porcine respiratory coronavirus and Swine influenza virus, do not appear to induce serum IFN-gamma. The early production of IFN-gamma in PRRSV-infected pigs might result from activation of NK cells, a response that is more characteristic of immune pathways stimulated by intracellular bacterial and protozoan infections.
ISSN:0830-9000