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Comparison of chromosomal DNA composing timeless in Drosophila melanogaster and D. virilis suggests a new conserved structure for the TIMELESS protein
Two proteins, TIM and PER, physically interact to control circadian cycles of tim and per transcription in Drosophila melanogaster. In the present study the structure of TIM protein expressed by D. virilis was determined by isolation and sequence analysis of genomic DNA (gDNA) corresponding to the D...
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Published in: | Nucleic acids research 1997-12, Vol.25 (23), p.4710-4714 |
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creator | Myers, M.P Rothenfluh, A Chang, M Young, M.W |
description | Two proteins, TIM and PER, physically interact to control circadian cycles of tim and per transcription in Drosophila melanogaster. In the present study the structure of TIM protein expressed by D. virilis was determined by isolation and sequence analysis of genomic DNA (gDNA) corresponding to the D. virilis tim locus (v tim ). Comparison of v tim and m tim gDNA revealed high conservation of the TIM protein. This contrasts with poor sequence conservation previously observed for the TIM partner protein PER in these species. Inspection of the v tim sequence suggests an alternative structure for most TIM proteins. Sequences forming an intron in a previously characterized D. melanogaster tim cDNA appear to be most often translated to produce a longer TIM protein in both species. The N-terminal sequence of vTIM and sequence analysis of genomic DNA from several strains of D. melanogaster suggest that only one of two possible translation initiation sites found in tim mRNA is sufficient to generate circadian rhythms in D. melanogaster. TIM translation may be affected by multiple AUG codons that appear to have been conserved in sequences composing the 5'-untranslated tim mRNA leader. |
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In the present study the structure of TIM protein expressed by D. virilis was determined by isolation and sequence analysis of genomic DNA (gDNA) corresponding to the D. virilis tim locus (v tim ). Comparison of v tim and m tim gDNA revealed high conservation of the TIM protein. This contrasts with poor sequence conservation previously observed for the TIM partner protein PER in these species. Inspection of the v tim sequence suggests an alternative structure for most TIM proteins. Sequences forming an intron in a previously characterized D. melanogaster tim cDNA appear to be most often translated to produce a longer TIM protein in both species. The N-terminal sequence of vTIM and sequence analysis of genomic DNA from several strains of D. melanogaster suggest that only one of two possible translation initiation sites found in tim mRNA is sufficient to generate circadian rhythms in D. melanogaster. TIM translation may be affected by multiple AUG codons that appear to have been conserved in sequences composing the 5'-untranslated tim mRNA leader.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0305-1048</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1362-4962</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1362-4962</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/nar/25.23.4710</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9365248</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England</publisher><subject>5'-leader sequence ; Amino Acid Sequence ; amino acid sequences ; animal proteins ; Animals ; aug codon ; Base Sequence ; binding proteins ; Biological Clocks ; Circadian Rhythm ; cloning ; Codon, Initiator ; codons ; complementary DNA ; DNA ; Drosophila ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Drosophila Proteins ; Drosophila virilis ; exons ; initiation codons ; Insect Proteins - chemistry ; Insect Proteins - genetics ; interactions ; introns ; loci ; messenger RNA ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins - chemistry ; Nuclear Proteins - genetics ; nucleotide sequences ; per protein ; Period Circadian Proteins ; Restriction Mapping ; Sequence Alignment ; species differences ; strain differences ; tim locus ; tim protein</subject><ispartof>Nucleic acids research, 1997-12, Vol.25 (23), p.4710-4714</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-6987bcf82f5ee517b9691198fca3bfc0cf09d5129e4f52f9d2517491e3dcf1413</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC147106/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC147106/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,730,783,787,888,27936,27937,53804,53806</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9365248$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Myers, M.P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rothenfluh, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Young, M.W</creatorcontrib><title>Comparison of chromosomal DNA composing timeless in Drosophila melanogaster and D. virilis suggests a new conserved structure for the TIMELESS protein</title><title>Nucleic acids research</title><addtitle>Nucleic Acids Res</addtitle><description>Two proteins, TIM and PER, physically interact to control circadian cycles of tim and per transcription in Drosophila melanogaster. In the present study the structure of TIM protein expressed by D. virilis was determined by isolation and sequence analysis of genomic DNA (gDNA) corresponding to the D. virilis tim locus (v tim ). Comparison of v tim and m tim gDNA revealed high conservation of the TIM protein. This contrasts with poor sequence conservation previously observed for the TIM partner protein PER in these species. Inspection of the v tim sequence suggests an alternative structure for most TIM proteins. Sequences forming an intron in a previously characterized D. melanogaster tim cDNA appear to be most often translated to produce a longer TIM protein in both species. The N-terminal sequence of vTIM and sequence analysis of genomic DNA from several strains of D. melanogaster suggest that only one of two possible translation initiation sites found in tim mRNA is sufficient to generate circadian rhythms in D. melanogaster. TIM translation may be affected by multiple AUG codons that appear to have been conserved in sequences composing the 5'-untranslated tim mRNA leader.</description><subject>5'-leader sequence</subject><subject>Amino Acid Sequence</subject><subject>amino acid sequences</subject><subject>animal proteins</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>aug codon</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>binding proteins</subject><subject>Biological Clocks</subject><subject>Circadian Rhythm</subject><subject>cloning</subject><subject>Codon, Initiator</subject><subject>codons</subject><subject>complementary DNA</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>Drosophila</subject><subject>Drosophila melanogaster</subject><subject>Drosophila Proteins</subject><subject>Drosophila virilis</subject><subject>exons</subject><subject>initiation codons</subject><subject>Insect Proteins - chemistry</subject><subject>Insect Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>interactions</subject><subject>introns</subject><subject>loci</subject><subject>messenger RNA</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Nuclear Proteins - chemistry</subject><subject>Nuclear Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>nucleotide sequences</subject><subject>per protein</subject><subject>Period Circadian Proteins</subject><subject>Restriction Mapping</subject><subject>Sequence Alignment</subject><subject>species differences</subject><subject>strain differences</subject><subject>tim locus</subject><subject>tim protein</subject><issn>0305-1048</issn><issn>1362-4962</issn><issn>1362-4962</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1997</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpVUctuEzEUtRCopIUtO4RX7Cb1ax5esKiSFCoFWKRdW47nemI0Yw_2TBA_wvfiKFEFqyv5PO71OQi9o2RJieS3XsdbVi4ZX4qakhdoQXnFCiEr9hItCCdlQYloXqPrlH4QQgUtxRW6krwqmWgW6M8qDKOOLgWPg8XmEMMQUhh0j9ff7rDJaEjOd3hyA_SQEnYer2OmjAfXa5wftQ-dThNErH2L10t8dNH1LuE0dx2kKWGNPfzKXj5BPEKL0xRnM80RsA0RTwfAjw9fN9vNbofHGCZw_g16ZXWf4O1l3qCn-83j6kux_f75YXW3LYwgzVRUsqn3xjbMlgAlrfeykpTKxhrN99YQY4lsS8okCFsyK1uWSUJS4K2xOQt-gz6dfcd5P0BrwE9R92qMbtDxtwraqf8R7w6qC0dFT2lXWf_xoo_h55w_qwaXDPQ5FAhzUrUURFaNyMTlmWhydimCfd5BiToVqXKRipWKcXWyzoL3_172TL80l_EPZ9zqoHSXG1RPO0YoJ6xpJK0l_wtXFqcW</recordid><startdate>19971201</startdate><enddate>19971201</enddate><creator>Myers, M.P</creator><creator>Rothenfluh, A</creator><creator>Chang, M</creator><creator>Young, M.W</creator><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19971201</creationdate><title>Comparison of chromosomal DNA composing timeless in Drosophila melanogaster and D. virilis suggests a new conserved structure for the TIMELESS protein</title><author>Myers, M.P ; Rothenfluh, A ; Chang, M ; Young, M.W</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-6987bcf82f5ee517b9691198fca3bfc0cf09d5129e4f52f9d2517491e3dcf1413</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1997</creationdate><topic>5'-leader sequence</topic><topic>Amino Acid Sequence</topic><topic>amino acid sequences</topic><topic>animal proteins</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>aug codon</topic><topic>Base Sequence</topic><topic>binding proteins</topic><topic>Biological Clocks</topic><topic>Circadian Rhythm</topic><topic>cloning</topic><topic>Codon, Initiator</topic><topic>codons</topic><topic>complementary DNA</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>Drosophila</topic><topic>Drosophila melanogaster</topic><topic>Drosophila Proteins</topic><topic>Drosophila virilis</topic><topic>exons</topic><topic>initiation codons</topic><topic>Insect Proteins - chemistry</topic><topic>Insect Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>interactions</topic><topic>introns</topic><topic>loci</topic><topic>messenger RNA</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>Nuclear Proteins - chemistry</topic><topic>Nuclear Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>nucleotide sequences</topic><topic>per protein</topic><topic>Period Circadian Proteins</topic><topic>Restriction Mapping</topic><topic>Sequence Alignment</topic><topic>species differences</topic><topic>strain differences</topic><topic>tim locus</topic><topic>tim protein</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Myers, M.P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rothenfluh, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Young, M.W</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Nucleic acids research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Myers, M.P</au><au>Rothenfluh, A</au><au>Chang, M</au><au>Young, M.W</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comparison of chromosomal DNA composing timeless in Drosophila melanogaster and D. virilis suggests a new conserved structure for the TIMELESS protein</atitle><jtitle>Nucleic acids research</jtitle><addtitle>Nucleic Acids Res</addtitle><date>1997-12-01</date><risdate>1997</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>23</issue><spage>4710</spage><epage>4714</epage><pages>4710-4714</pages><issn>0305-1048</issn><issn>1362-4962</issn><eissn>1362-4962</eissn><abstract>Two proteins, TIM and PER, physically interact to control circadian cycles of tim and per transcription in Drosophila melanogaster. In the present study the structure of TIM protein expressed by D. virilis was determined by isolation and sequence analysis of genomic DNA (gDNA) corresponding to the D. virilis tim locus (v tim ). Comparison of v tim and m tim gDNA revealed high conservation of the TIM protein. This contrasts with poor sequence conservation previously observed for the TIM partner protein PER in these species. Inspection of the v tim sequence suggests an alternative structure for most TIM proteins. Sequences forming an intron in a previously characterized D. melanogaster tim cDNA appear to be most often translated to produce a longer TIM protein in both species. The N-terminal sequence of vTIM and sequence analysis of genomic DNA from several strains of D. melanogaster suggest that only one of two possible translation initiation sites found in tim mRNA is sufficient to generate circadian rhythms in D. melanogaster. TIM translation may be affected by multiple AUG codons that appear to have been conserved in sequences composing the 5'-untranslated tim mRNA leader.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pmid>9365248</pmid><doi>10.1093/nar/25.23.4710</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | 5'-leader sequence Amino Acid Sequence amino acid sequences animal proteins Animals aug codon Base Sequence binding proteins Biological Clocks Circadian Rhythm cloning Codon, Initiator codons complementary DNA DNA Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila Proteins Drosophila virilis exons initiation codons Insect Proteins - chemistry Insect Proteins - genetics interactions introns loci messenger RNA Molecular Sequence Data Nuclear Proteins - chemistry Nuclear Proteins - genetics nucleotide sequences per protein Period Circadian Proteins Restriction Mapping Sequence Alignment species differences strain differences tim locus tim protein |
title | Comparison of chromosomal DNA composing timeless in Drosophila melanogaster and D. virilis suggests a new conserved structure for the TIMELESS protein |
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