Molecular basis of phenotypic plasticity in a marine ciliate

Abstract Phenotypic plasticity, which involves phenotypic transformation in the absence of genetic change, may serve as a strategy for organisms to survive in complex and highly fluctuating environments. However, its reaction norm, molecular basis, and evolution remain unclear in most organisms, esp...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:The ISME Journal 2024-01, Vol.18 (1)
Main Authors: Pan, Jiao, Wang, Yaohai, Li, Chao, Zhang, Simo, Ye, Zhiqiang, Ni, Jiahao, Li, Haichao, Li, Yichen, Yue, Hongwei, Ruan, Chenchen, Zhao, Dange, Jiang, Yujian, Wu, Xiaolin, Shen, Xiaopeng, Zufall, Rebecca A, Zhang, Yu, Li, Weiyi, Lynch, Michael, Long, Hongan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Original
Citations: Items that this one cites
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Abstract Phenotypic plasticity, which involves phenotypic transformation in the absence of genetic change, may serve as a strategy for organisms to survive in complex and highly fluctuating environments. However, its reaction norm, molecular basis, and evolution remain unclear in most organisms, especially microbial eukaryotes. In this study, we explored these questions by investigating the reaction norm, regulation, and evolution of phenotypic plasticity in the cosmopolitan marine free-living ciliates Glauconema spp., which undergo significant phenotypic changes in response to food shortages. This study led to the de novo assembly of macronuclear genomes using long-read sequencing, identified hundreds of differentially expressed genes associated with phenotypic plasticity in different life stages, validated the function of two of these genes, and revealed that the reaction norm of body shape in response to food density follows a power-law distribution. Purifying selection may be the dominant evolutionary force acting on the genes associated with phenotypic plasticity, and the overall data support the hypothesis that phenotypic plasticity is a trait maintained by natural selection. This study provides novel insight into the developmental genetics of phenotypic plasticity in non-model unicellular eukaryotes and sheds light on the complexity and long evolutionary history of this important survival strategy.
ISSN:1751-7362
1751-7370
1751-7370
DOI:10.1093/ismejo/wrae136