Non-derivatizing solvent assisted waste-derived cellulose/ MOF composite porous matrix for efficient metal ion removal: comprehensive analysis of batch and continuous packed-bed column sorption studies

The use of metalorganic frameworks (MOFs) for wastewater treatment in continuous operation is a major challenge. To address this, the present study demonstrates the eco-friendly and economic synthesis of Ca-MOF immobilized cellulose beads (Ca-MOF-CB) derived from paper waste. The synthesized Ca-MOF-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:RSC advances 2024-06, Vol.14 (28), p.2254-2277
Main Authors: Jujaru, Mohan, Panwar, Jitendra, Gupta, Suresh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cadmium
Calcium
Cellulose
Chemistry
Copper
Design parameters
Endothermic reactions
Feasibility studies
Inlet flow
Ion concentration
Lead
Metal ions
Metal-organic frameworks
Porous media
Sorption
Synthesis
Wastewater treatment
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Summary:The use of metalorganic frameworks (MOFs) for wastewater treatment in continuous operation is a major challenge. To address this, the present study demonstrates the eco-friendly and economic synthesis of Ca-MOF immobilized cellulose beads (Ca-MOF-CB) derived from paper waste. The synthesized Ca-MOF-CB were characterized using standard analytical techniques. Batch sorption studies were performed to check the effect of cellulose composition (wt%), Ca-MOF loading, contact time, and initial metal ion (Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , and Cu 2+ ) concentration. Ca-MOF-CB beads exhibited outstanding equilibrium sorption capacities for Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , and Cu 2+ , with estimated values of 281.22 7.8, 104.01 10.58, and 114.21 9.68 mg g 1 , respectively. Different non-linear isotherms and kinetic models were applied which confirmed the spontaneous, endothermic reactions for the physisorption of Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , and Cu 2+ . Based on the highest equilibrium sorption capacity for Pb 2+ ion, in-depth parametric column studies were conducted in an indigenously developed packed-bed column set-up. The effect of packed-bed height (10 and 20 cm), inlet flow rate (5 and 10 mL min 1 ), and inlet Pb 2+ ion concentration (200, 300, and 500 mg L 1 ) were studied. The breakthrough curves obtained at different operating conditions were fitted with the empirical models viz. the bed depth service time (BDST), YoonNelson, Thomas, and Yan to estimate the column design parameters. In order to determine the financial implications at large-scale industrial operations, an affordable synthesis cost of 1 kg of Ca-MOF-CB was estimated. Conclusively, the present study showed the feasibility of the developed Ca-MOF-CB for the continuous removal of metal ions at an industrial scale. The synthesis of highly efficient calcium-based metal-organic framework (Ca-MOF) immobilized cellulose beads is crucial for the removal of hazardous heavy metal ions in both batch and continuous packed-bed column sorption studies.
ISSN:2046-2069
2046-2069
DOI:10.1039/d4ra02566k