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Single-atom and cluster catalysts for thermocatalytic ammonia synthesis at mild conditions
Ammonia (NH 3 ) is closely related to the fields of food and energy that humans depend on. The exploitation of advanced catalysts for NH 3 synthesis has been a research hotspot for more than one hundred years. Previous studies have shown that the Ru B 5 sites (step sites on the Ru (0001) surface uni...
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Published in: | Chemical science (Cambridge) 2024-04, Vol.15 (16), p.5897-5915 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Ammonia (NH
3
) is closely related to the fields of food and energy that humans depend on. The exploitation of advanced catalysts for NH
3
synthesis has been a research hotspot for more than one hundred years. Previous studies have shown that the Ru B
5
sites (step sites on the Ru (0001) surface uniquely arranged with five Ru atoms) and Fe C
7
sites (iron atoms with seven nearest neighbors) over nanoparticle catalysts are highly reactive for N
2
-to-NH
3
conversion. In recent years, single-atom and cluster catalysts, where the B
5
sites and C
7
sites are absent, have emerged as promising catalysts for efficient NH
3
synthesis. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in single-atom and cluster catalysts, including single-atom catalysts (SACs), single-cluster catalysts (SCCs), and bimetallic-cluster catalysts (BCCs), for thermocatalytic NH
3
synthesis at mild conditions. In addition, we discussed and summarized the unique structural properties and reaction performance as well as reaction mechanisms over single-atom and cluster catalysts in comparison with traditional nanoparticle catalysts. Finally, the challenges and prospects in the rational design of efficient single-atom and cluster catalysts for NH
3
synthesis were provided.
Recent advances in single-atom and cluster catalysts, including single-atom catalysts (SACs), single-cluster catalysts (SCCs), and bimetallic-cluster catalysts (BCCs), for thermocatalytic NH
3
synthesis at mild conditions. |
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ISSN: | 2041-6520 2041-6539 |
DOI: | 10.1039/d3sc06998b |