High frequency of immature dendritic cells and altered in situ production of interleukin-4 and tumor necrosis factor-α in lung cancer

Introduction Antigen-presenting cells, like dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, play a significant role in the induction of an immune response and an imbalance in the proportion of macrophages, immature and mature DCs within the tumor could affect significantly the immune response to cancer. DCs...

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Published in:Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy Immunotherapy, 2008-09, Vol.57 (9), p.1335-1345
Main Authors: Baleeiro, R. B., Anselmo, L. B., Soares, F. A., Pinto, C. A. L., Ramos, O., Gross, J. L., Haddad, F., Younes, R. N., Tomiyoshi, M. Y., Bergami-Santos, P. C., Barbuto, J. A. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Antineoplastic agents
B7-1 Antigen - biosynthesis
Biological and medical sciences
Cancer Research
Dendritic Cells - cytology
Female
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor - metabolism
Humans
Immunology
Immunotherapy
Interleukin-4 - metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - biosynthesis
Lung Neoplasms - metabolism
Male
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Oncology
Original
Original Article
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Pneumology
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
Tumors of the respiratory system and mediastinum
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Summary:Introduction Antigen-presenting cells, like dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, play a significant role in the induction of an immune response and an imbalance in the proportion of macrophages, immature and mature DCs within the tumor could affect significantly the immune response to cancer. DCs and macrophages can differentiate from monocytes, depending on the milieu, where cytokines, like interleukin (IL)-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induce DC differentiation and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induce DC maturation. Thus, the aim of this work was to analyze by immunohistochemistry the presence of DCs (S100+ or CD1a+), macrophages (CD68+), IL-4 and TNF-α within the microenvironment of primary lung carcinomas. Results Higher frequencies of both immature DCs and macrophages were detected in the tumor-affected lung, when compared to the non-affected lung. Also, TNF-α-positive cells were more frequent, while IL-4-positive cells were less frequent in neoplastic tissues. This decreased frequency of mature DCs within the tumor was further confirmed by the lower frequency of CD14-CD80+ cells in cell suspensions obtained from the same lung tissues analyzed by flow cytometry. Conclusion These data are discussed and interpreted as the result of an environment that does not oppose monocyte differentiation into DCs, but that could impair DC maturation, thus affecting the induction of effective immune responses against the tumor.
ISSN:0340-7004
1432-0851
DOI:10.1007/s00262-008-0468-7