Limb Salvage and Pelvic Reconstruction With Endoprosthesis After Pelvic Tumor Resection: A Narrative Review

Periacetabular defects following tumor resection present formidable challenges in reconstruction and continue to pose clinical difficulties. Historically, treatment approaches leaned towards hindquarter amputation; however, due to associated morbidities and functional limitations, limb-sparing proce...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2024-03, Vol.16 (3), p.e56043-e56043
Main Authors: Roustemis, Anastasios G, Liontos, Markos, Trikoupis, Ioannis, Karampikas, Vasileios, Goumenos, Stavros, Gavriil, Panagiotis, Kontogeorgakos, Vasileios A, Savvidou, Olga, Papagelopoulos, Panayiotis J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amputation
Bone cancer
Chemotherapy
Ewings sarcoma
Failure
Fractures
Infections
Oncology
Orthopedics
Patients
Pelvis
Prostheses
Surgery
Transplants & implants
Tumors
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Summary:Periacetabular defects following tumor resection present formidable challenges in reconstruction and continue to pose clinical difficulties. Historically, treatment approaches leaned towards hindquarter amputation; however, due to associated morbidities and functional limitations, limb-sparing procedures gained prominence in the 1980s. Nevertheless, the intricacies of pelvic anatomy and the imperative of achieving wide surgical margins while preserving essential structures make pelvic tumor resection and subsequent reconstruction inherently complex. Various reconstruction modalities have been explored, including non-vascularized fibular grafts and prosthetic implants. Among these options, the LUMiC® endoprosthesis stands out as a promising solution for pelvic reconstruction post-tumor resection. Characterized by a modular design featuring a hydroxyapatite-coated stem and acetabular cup, this device has shown favorable implant survival rates in studies, despite encountering complications primarily associated with soft tissue failure, dislocation, and infection. Notably, the incidence of complications varies across studies. The Henderson classification system delineates these complications, encompassing soft tissue issues, aseptic loosening, periprosthetic fractures, infections, and tumor recurrence. Despite the encouraging functional outcomes associated with the LUMiC® endoprosthesis, it is not immune to limitations. Concerns persist regarding complications such as dislocation and infection, underscoring the imperative for further research to evaluate the long-term durability and reliability of this reconstructive approach. Moreover, advancements in surgical techniques, perioperative management, and the advent of navigation-assisted procedures hold promise for enhancing outcomes and mitigating complication rates in pelvic reconstruction surgeries.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.56043