Arbovirus surveillance in mosquitoes: Historical methods, emerging technologies, and challenges ahead

Arboviruses cause millions of infections each year; however, only limited options are available for treatment and pharmacological prevention. Mosquitoes are among the most important vectors for the transmission of several pathogens to humans. Despite advances, the sampling, viral detection, and cont...

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Published in:Experimental Biology and Medicine 2023-11, Vol.248 (22), p.2072-2082
Main Authors: Maia, Luis Janssen, Oliveira, Cirilo Henrique de, Silva, Arthur Batista, Souza, Pedro Augusto Almeida, Müller, Nicolas Felipe Drumm, Cardoso, Jader da Cruz, Ribeiro, Bergmann Morais, Abreu, Filipe Vieira Santos de, Campos, Fabrício Souza
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Arbovirus Infections
Arboviruses
Culicidae
Humans
Minireview
Mosquito Vectors
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Summary:Arboviruses cause millions of infections each year; however, only limited options are available for treatment and pharmacological prevention. Mosquitoes are among the most important vectors for the transmission of several pathogens to humans. Despite advances, the sampling, viral detection, and control methods for these insects remain ineffective. Challenges arise with the increase in mosquito populations due to climate change, insecticide resistance, and human interference affecting natural habitats, which contribute to the increasing difficulty in controlling the spread of arboviruses. Therefore, prioritizing arbovirus surveillance is essential for effective epidemic preparedness. In this review, we offer a concise historical account of the discovery and monitoring of arboviruses in mosquitoes, from mosquito capture to viral detection. We then analyzed the advantages and limitations of these traditional methods. Furthermore, we investigated the potential of emerging technologies to address these limitations, including the implementation of next-generation sequencing, paper-based devices, spectroscopic detectors, and synthetic biosensors. We also provide perspectives on recurring issues and areas of interest such as insect-specific viruses.
ISSN:1535-3702
1535-3699
1535-3699
DOI:10.1177/15353702231209415