Biofilm formation stabilizes metabolism in a Roseobacteraceae bacterium under temperature increase

ABSTRACT Ocean warming profoundly impacts microbes in marine environments; yet, how lifestyle (e.g., free living versus biofilm associated) affects the bacterial response to rising temperature is not clear. Here, we compared transcriptional, enzymatic, and physiological responses of free-living and...

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Published in:Applied and environmental microbiology 2023-10, Vol.89 (10), p.1-e0060123
Main Authors: Wang, Meng, Lu, Jie, Qin, Peng, Wang, Shuaitao, Ding, Wei, Fu, Hui-Hui, Zhang, Yu-Zhong, Zhang, Weipeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Biofilms
Carbohydrate metabolism
Carbohydrates
Entner-Doudoroff pathway
Enzymatic activity
Gene expression
Gene sequencing
Genomes
Glycolysis
Growth conditions
High temperature
Homeostasis
Marine environment
Metabolism
Metagenomics
Microbial Ecology
Ocean temperature
Ocean warming
Phosphorus
Physiological responses
Reactive oxygen species
Sulfur
Transcriptomics
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Summary:ABSTRACT Ocean warming profoundly impacts microbes in marine environments; yet, how lifestyle (e.g., free living versus biofilm associated) affects the bacterial response to rising temperature is not clear. Here, we compared transcriptional, enzymatic, and physiological responses of free-living and biofilm-associated Leisingera aquaemixtae M597, a member of the Roseobacteraceae family isolated from marine biofilms, to the increase in temperature from 25℃ to 31℃. Complete genome sequencing and metagenomics revealed the prevalence of M597 in global ocean biofilms. Transcriptomics suggested a significant effect on the expression of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, nitrogen and sulfur metabolism, and phosphorus utilization of free-living M597 cells due to temperature increase, but such drastic alterations were not observed in its biofilms. In the free-living state, the transcription of the key enzyme participating in the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway was significantly increased due to the increase in temperature, accompanied by a substantial decrease in the Entner-Doudoroff pathway, but transcripts of these glycolytic enzymes in biofilm-forming strains were independent of the temperature variation. The correlation between the growth condition and the shift in glycolytic pathways under temperature change was confirmed by enzymatic activity assays. Furthermore, the rising temperature affected the growth rate and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species when M597 cells were free living rather than in biofilms. Thus, biofilm formation stabilizes metabolism in M597 when grown under high temperature and this homeostasis is probably related to the glycolytic pathways. IMPORTANCE Biofilm formation is one of the most successful strategies employed by microbes against environmental fluctuations. In this study, using a marine Roseobacteraceae bacterium, we studied how biofilm formation affects the response of marine bacteria to the increase in temperature. This study enhances our understanding of the function of bacterial biofilms and the microbe-environment interactions in the framework of global climate change. Biofilm formation is one of the most successful strategies employed by microbes against environmental fluctuations. In this study, using a marine Roseobacteraceae bacterium, we studied how biofilm formation affects the response of marine bacteria to the increase in temperature. This study enhances our understanding of the function of bac
ISSN:0099-2240
1098-5336
DOI:10.1128/aem.00601-23