Prevalence and trends of Clostridioides difficile infection among persons requiring maintenance hemodialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

infection (CDI) is among the most common cause of healthcare-associated infections. Persons requiring maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) are at increased risk of CDI and associated mortality compared to persons not requiring MHD. Given the clinical impact of CDI among persons requiring MHD, we aimed to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Infection control and hospital epidemiology 2023-07, Vol.44 (7), p.1068-1075
Main Authors: Elfanagely, Yousef M., Tanzer, Joshua Ray, Shobayo, Anuoluwapo, Mohamed, Mouhand F.H., Ho, Jonathan J.C., Shemin, Douglas, Pavlech, Laura, D’Agata, Erika M.C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Binomial distribution
Estimates
Hemodialysis
Hospitalization
Hospitals
Infections
Kidney diseases
Meta-analysis
Monte Carlo simulation
Mortality
Original
Original Article
Patients
Systematic review
Trends
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Summary:infection (CDI) is among the most common cause of healthcare-associated infections. Persons requiring maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) are at increased risk of CDI and associated mortality compared to persons not requiring MHD. Given the clinical impact of CDI among persons requiring MHD, we aimed to quantify the burden of CDI and trends over time in this patient population. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting rates of CDI among persons requiring MHD in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were performed. Searches were conducted on May 17, 2021, and March 4, 2022. In total, 2,408 titles and abstracts were identified; 240 underwent full text review. Among them, 15 studies provided data on rates of CDI among persons requiring MHD, and 8 of these also provided rates among persons not requiring MHD. The pooled prevalence of CDI among persons requiring MHD was 19.14%, compared to 5.16% among persons not requiring MHD (odds ratio [OR], 4.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.07-9.16; = .47). The linear increase in CDI over time was significant, increasing an average of 31.97% annually between 1993 and 2017 (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.1-1.58; < .01). The linear annual increase was similar among persons requiring and not requiring MHD (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.13-1.45; = .11). Persons requiring MHD have a 4-fold higher risk of CDI compared to persons not requiring MHD, and rates of CDI are increasing over time in both groups.
ISSN:0899-823X
1559-6834
DOI:10.1017/ice.2022.217