Bilateral Eyelid Edema in a Pediatric Patient With COVID-19: A Case Report and Literature Review

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is primarily transmitted through the eyes, nose, or mouth. Ophthalmic complications, such as conjunctivitis and dacryoadenitis, have been reported in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). We report the case of an early adolescen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2023-06, Vol.15 (6), p.e40427
Main Authors: Shimazaki, Shunsuke, Sato, Junichi, Niwa, Atsuko
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Antigens
Case reports
COVID-19 vaccines
Drug dosages
Edema
Epstein-Barr virus
Fever
Hospitals
Infections
Infectious Disease
Infectious diseases
Kawasaki disease
mRNA vaccines
Patients
Pediatrics
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Steroids
Teenagers
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Summary:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is primarily transmitted through the eyes, nose, or mouth. Ophthalmic complications, such as conjunctivitis and dacryoadenitis, have been reported in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). We report the case of an early adolescent girl who presented with bilateral urticarial rashes, eyelid edema, fever, and cough. She was diagnosed with acute dacryoadenitis with SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by a nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction and clinical investigations. The patient was treated with dexamethasone (3 mg daily) for three days, which resulted in the resolution of fever and urticarial rash, and improvement of eyelid edema. While bilateral upper eyelid edema and acute dacryoadenitis commonly occur in pediatric patients due to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and Kawasaki disease, they are rarely associated with other diseases. However, ocular symptoms have been reported in 11.4% of patients with COVID-19. In addition, eyelid edema and acute dacryoadenitis have also been reported after COVID-19 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccination. The underlying mechanisms of these complications are not yet completely understood. Our case highlights the possibility of bilateral eyelid edema in children with COVID-19, which can occur in addition to other viral infections such as EBV.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.40427