Sonographic prediction of fetal main pulmonary artery (MPA) Doppler indices of lung maturity and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) development

Purpose The aim of this study is to highlight the predictive role of perinatal fetal main pulmonary artery (MPA) Doppler measurements in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome development. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is one of the lead causes of neonatal respiratory distress as well as neona...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of ultrasound 2023-06, Vol.26 (2), p.525-533
Main Authors: Hassan, Hend Galal Eldeen Mohamed Ali, Nagi, Mona Ali Mohamed Ali, Salama, Asmaa Magdy Mohamed, Dawoud, Mohamed Omar Abd El Aal, Elgendy, Ghalia Galal, Abdelrahman, Ahmed S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acceleration
Fetuses
Lungs
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Original Paper
Pregnancy
Pulmonary arteries
Respiratory distress syndrome
Ultrasound
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Summary:Purpose The aim of this study is to highlight the predictive role of perinatal fetal main pulmonary artery (MPA) Doppler measurements in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome development. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is one of the lead causes of neonatal respiratory distress as well as neonatal death. Thus, it seems logic to evaluate fetal lung maturity before labour. Methods The study is a prospective cohort study performed in tertiary hospital over a period of one-year duration. 70 pregnant ladies between 34 and 38 weeks of gestation were referred for fetal echo, when pregnancy was considered a high risk. A trained radiologist using dedicated ultrasound machine with updated obstetric and fetal echo software performed the fetal echo. Doppler mode and curvilinear probe of 5.7 MHz transducer. Pediatric neonatologist observed the neonatal outcome post-natally. Results A total of 70 pregnant patients with risk factors underwent fetal echo, 26/70 (37.1%) were diagnosed with RDS conforming to the neonatal criteria. The mean acceleration time/ejection time ratio (At/Et ratio) of the fetal pulmonary artery was significantly reduced in fetuses that subsequently developed RDS than those without RDS. Contrarily, the mean pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the fetal pulmonary artery were significantly high in fetuses who later developed RDS than in those who did not. Conclusion Fetal MPA Doppler measurements have a major role in anticipating the development of neonatal RDS in preterm and early term neonates.
ISSN:1876-7931
1971-3495
1876-7931
DOI:10.1007/s40477-023-00780-w