Second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster restores Omicron-specific neutralizing activity in both nursing home residents and health care workers

We examined whether the second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster increased antibody levels and their neutralizing activity to Omicron variants in nursing home residents (NH) residents and healthcare workers (HCW). We sampled 376 NH residents and 63 HCW after primary mRNA vaccination, first and seco...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccine 2023-05, Vol.41 (22), p.3403-3409
Main Authors: Nugent, Clare, Abul, Yasin, White, Elizabeth M., Shehadeh, Fadi, Kaczynski, Matthew, Oscar Felix, Lewis, Ganesan, Narchonai, Oyebanji, Oladayo A., Vishnepolskiy, Igor, Didion, Elise M., Paxitzis, Alexandra, Sheehan, Maegan L., Chan, Philip A., Pfeifer, Walther M., Dickerson, Evan, Kamojjala, Shreya, Wilson, Brigid M., Mylonakis, Eleftherios, King, Christopher L., Balazs, Alejandro B., Canaday, David H., Gravenstein, Stefan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Antibodies, Viral
Antibody response
COVID-19
COVID-19 - prevention & control
COVID-19 Vaccines
Health care
Health Personnel
Humans
Infections
Laboratories
Medical personnel
mRNA
Neutralization
Neutralizing
Nurses
Nursing Homes
Omicron
RNA, Messenger
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 - genetics
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Short Communication
Vaccines
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Summary:We examined whether the second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster increased antibody levels and their neutralizing activity to Omicron variants in nursing home residents (NH) residents and healthcare workers (HCW). We sampled 376 NH residents and 63 HCW after primary mRNA vaccination, first and second boosters, for antibody response and pseudovirus neutralization assay against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT) (Wuhan-Hu-1) strain, Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants. Antibody levels and neutralizing activity progressively increased with each booster but subsequently waned over 3–6 months. NH residents, both those without and with prior infection, had a robust geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) of 8.1 (95% CI 4.4, 14.8) and 7.8 (95% CI 4.8, 12.9) respectively in Omicron-BA.1 subvariant specific neutralizing antibody levels following the second booster vaccination (p 
ISSN:0264-410X
1873-2518
DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.034