Structure–Activity Relationship of Penem Antibiotic Side Chains Used against Mycobacteria Reveals Highly Active Compounds

The rise of antibiotic-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections has placed ever-increasing importance on discovering new antibiotics to treat these diseases. Recently, a new penem, T405, was discovered to have strong antimicrobial activity against M. tubercul...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	ACS infectious diseases 2022-08, Vol.8 (8), p.1627-1636
Main Authors:	Batchelder, Hunter R., Zandi, Trevor A., Kaushik, Amit, Naik, Akul, Story-Roller, Elizabeth, Maggioncalda, Emily C., Lamichhane, Gyanu, Nuermberger, Eric L., Townsend, Craig A.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Humans Meropenem Mycobacterium tuberculosis Structure-Activity Relationship Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
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Summary:	The rise of antibiotic-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections has placed ever-increasing importance on discovering new antibiotics to treat these diseases. Recently, a new penem, T405, was discovered to have strong antimicrobial activity against M. tuberculosis and Mycobacteroides abscessus. Here, a penem library of C2 side-chain variants was synthesized, and their antimicrobial activities were evaluated against M. tuberculosis H37Rv and M. abscessus ATCC 19977. Several new penems with antimicrobial activity stronger than the standard-of-care carbapenem antibiotics were identified with some candidates improving on the activity of the lead compound, T405. Moreover, many candidates showed little or no increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration in the presence of serum compared to the highly protein-bound T405. The penems with the strongest activity identified in this study were then biochemically characterized by reaction with the representative l,d-transpeptidase LdtMt2 and the representative penicillin-binding protein d,d-carboxypeptidase DacB2.
ISSN:	2373-8227 2373-8227