Estimation of Calcium Titanate or Erbium Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in Normal HSF Cells

Extensive uses of calcium titanate nanoparticles (CaTiO 3 -NPs) and erbium oxide nanoparticles (Er 2 O 3 -NPs) increase their release into the environment and human exposure, particularly through skin contact. However, there are almost no studies available on the effect of these nanoparticles on s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Biological trace element research 2023-05, Vol.201 (5), p.2311-2318
Main Authors:	Mohamed, Hanan R. H., Ibrahim, Maria M. H., Soliman, Esraa S. M., Safwat, Gehan, Diab, Ayman
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Apoptosis Bioassays Biochemistry Biological effects Biomedical and Life Sciences Biotechnology Calcium Calcium oxide Calcium titanate Cell death Cell Survival Cell viability Cells Comet assay Cytotoxicity Damage detection Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA Damage Erbium Erbium oxide Fibroblasts Gene expression Genes Genotoxicity Humans Integrity Intracellular Intracellular levels Life Sciences Metal Nanoparticles - toxicity Nanoparticles Nanoparticles - toxicity Nutrition Oncology Oxidative Stress p53 Protein Reactive oxygen species Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism Skin Sulforhodamine Toxicity Toxicity tests
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Summary:	Extensive uses of calcium titanate nanoparticles (CaTiO 3 -NPs) and erbium oxide nanoparticles (Er 2 O 3 -NPs) increase their release into the environment and human exposure, particularly through skin contact. However, there are almost no studies available on the effect of these nanoparticles on skin integrity. Therefore, this study was undertaken to estimate CaTiO 3 -NP- or Er 2 O 3 -NP-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in normal human skin fibroblast (HSF) cells. Cell viability was measured using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, while the level of DNA damage was detected using the alkaline comet assay. The intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as the expression level of p53, Bax, and Bcl2 genes were detected. Although the viability of HSF cells was non-markedly changed after 24 h, prolonged treatment with CaTiO3-NPs or Er2O3-NPs for 72 h induced concentration-dependent death of HSF cells. Treatment of normal HSF cells with IC50/72 h of CaTiO3-NPs or Er2O3-NPs did not cause marked changes in the intracellular level of ROS, DNA damage parameters, and expression levels of apoptosis genes compared to their values in the untreated HSF cells. We thus concluded that CaTiO3-NPs or Er2O3-NPs cause time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity toward normal HSF cells. However, safe and non-genotoxic effects were demonstrated by the apparent non-significant changes in intracellular ROS level, DNA integrity, and apoptotic genes’ expression after exposure of normal HSF cells to nanoparticles. Thus, it is recommended that further studies be conducted to further understand the toxic and biological effects of CaTiO 3 -NPs and Er2O3-NPs.
ISSN:	0163-4984 1559-0720