Highly customized porous TiO 2 -PANI nanoparticles with excellent photocatalytic efficiency for dye degradation

The present work encompasses a simple strategy to synthesize highly porous TiO by incorporating PANI polymer into the sol-gel chemistry of Titanium dioxide/Titanium (IV)-iso-propoxide (TiO /TTIP). A series of TiO samples by varying wt.% of PANI, have been synthesized. A probable growth mechanism has...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental research 2023-05, Vol.225, p.114960
Main Authors: Kaur, Harpreet, Kumar, Sanjeev, Kaushal, Sandeep, Badru, Rahul, Singh, Prit Pal, Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Catalysis
Nanoparticles - chemistry
Porosity
Titanium - chemistry
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Summary:The present work encompasses a simple strategy to synthesize highly porous TiO by incorporating PANI polymer into the sol-gel chemistry of Titanium dioxide/Titanium (IV)-iso-propoxide (TiO /TTIP). A series of TiO samples by varying wt.% of PANI, have been synthesized. A probable growth mechanism has been presented for the formation of a porous ginger-like nanostructure of TiO -PANI (TP). HRTEM images reveal that the particle size range is 6-16 nm for pristine TiO and 5-13 nm for TP samples. XPS analysis confirms the presence of the hydrogen bonds in-between surface hydroxyl groups (Ti-OH) of TiO and the protonated nitrogen of PANI. UV-visible absorption study reveals a small shift towards longer wavelength for TP8 sample than that of pristine TiO (λ  = 314 nm) as well as reduction in E value from 3.02 eV to 2.89 eV. FTIR results confirm the successful interaction of PANI and TiO . BJH and BET analysis confirms an increase of porosity in TP8 sample with an average pore volume of 0.36 cm  g . High photocatalytic activity (98.77%) towards Methylene blue dye degradation is observed for TP8 sample having 8 wt% of PANI and it is explained through the combined effect of structural porosity of TiO and synergic effect of PANI. The K value at pH 11 (0.01372 min ) is found to be 7.84-folds higher than that of the photocatalytic reaction at pH 3 (K  = 0.00175 min ). While pristine TiO exhibits the minimum removal efficiency (89.57%) with K of 0.00756 min . K value of catalysis reaction for TP8 is found to be almost 2-fold higher than pristine TiO . Quantum Yield value for TP8 is found to be 3.59 × 10 molecules photon . This high Quantum Yield value of present photocatalytic system explicates the low energy consumption for the treatment of textile dye pollutant. Additionally, STY value (1.79 × 10 molecules photon mg ) confirms the outstanding mineralization strength of TP8 by a unit mass for high amounts of MB dye per unit time. Thus, the present study offers an excellent photocatalyst i.e., TP8 having 8 wt% of PANI for the degradation of MB dye.
ISSN:1096-0953