Therapeutic impact of grape leaves polyphenols on certain biochemical and neurological markers in AlCl 3 -induced Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a grave and prevailing neurodegenerative disease, characterized by slow and progressive neurodegeneration in different brain regions. Aluminum (Al) is a potent and widely distributed neurotoxic metal, implicated in the neuropathogenesis of AD. This study aimed to eva...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy 2017-09, Vol.93, p.837
Main Authors: Borai, Ibrahim H, Ezz, Magda K, Rizk, Maha Z, Aly, Hanan F, El-Sherbiny, Mahmoud, Matloub, Azza A, Fouad, Ghadha I
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylcholinesterase - metabolism
Aluminum Compounds - pharmacology
Alzheimer Disease - drug therapy
Alzheimer Disease - metabolism
Animals
Antioxidants - metabolism
Biomarkers - metabolism
Brain - drug effects
Brain - metabolism
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - metabolism
Chlorides - pharmacology
Cognition - drug effects
Homocysteine - metabolism
Interleukin-6 - metabolism
Male
Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plant Leaves - chemistry
Polyphenols - pharmacology
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Vitis - chemistry
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Summary:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a grave and prevailing neurodegenerative disease, characterized by slow and progressive neurodegeneration in different brain regions. Aluminum (Al) is a potent and widely distributed neurotoxic metal, implicated in the neuropathogenesis of AD. This study aimed to evaluate the possible neurorestorative potential of Vitis vinifera Leaves Polyphenolic (VLP) extract in alleviating aluminum chloride (AlCl )-induced neurotoxicity in male rats. AlCl neurotoxicity induced a significant decrease in brain/serum acetylcholine (ACh) contents and serum dopamine (DA) levels, along with a significant increment of brain/serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. In addition, Al treatment resulted in significantly decreased serum levels of both total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and significantly increased serum levels of both interleukin-6 (IL-6) and total homocysteine (tHcy), as compared to control. Behavioral alterations, assessed by the T-maze test, showed impaired cognitive function. Furthermore, AD-brains revealed an increase in DNA fragmentation as evidenced by comet assay. AlCl induction also caused histopathological alterations in AD-brain. Treatment of AD-rats with VLP extract (100mg/kg body weight/day) improved neurobehavioral changes, as evidenced by the improvement in brain function, as well as, modulation of most biochemical markers, and confirmed by T-maze test, the histopathological study of the brain and comet assay. The current work indicates that the VLP extract has neuroprotective, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-amnesic activities against AlCl -induced cerebral damages and neurocognitive dysfunction.
ISSN:1950-6007