Piperine Triggers Apoptosis of Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma Through Cell Cycle Arrest and Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress

Piperine is a nitrogenous pungent substance exhibiting multifunctional pharmacological properties. However, the mechanism underlying its anticancer potential is not well elucidated in human oral squamous carcinoma (KB) cell line. The anticancer potential of piperine was evaluated through potent biom...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrition and cancer 2017-07, Vol.69 (5), p.791-799
Main Authors: Siddiqui, Sahabjada, Ahamad, Md Sultan, Jafri, Asif, Afzal, Mohd, Arshad, Md
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activation analysis
Alkaloids - pharmacology
Anticancer properties
Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology
Antitumor activity
Apoptosis
Apoptosis - drug effects
Benzodioxoles - pharmacology
Biomarkers
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - drug therapy
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology
Caspase
Caspase 3 - metabolism
Caspase-3
Cell activation
Cell cycle
Cell Cycle Checkpoints - drug effects
Cell death
Cell Proliferation - drug effects
Condensates
Condensation
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Drug development
Humans
KB Cells
Kinetics
Membrane potential
Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects
Mitochondria
Mitochondria - drug effects
Mitochondria - metabolism
Mortality
Mouth Neoplasms - drug therapy
Mouth Neoplasms - pathology
Oral cancer
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Pharmacology
Piperidines - pharmacology
Piperine
Polyunsaturated Alkamides - pharmacology
Reaction kinetics
Reactive oxygen species
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
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Summary:Piperine is a nitrogenous pungent substance exhibiting multifunctional pharmacological properties. However, the mechanism underlying its anticancer potential is not well elucidated in human oral squamous carcinoma (KB) cell line. The anticancer potential of piperine was evaluated through potent biomarkers viz. reactive oxygen species (ROS), cellular apoptosis, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). In addition, cell cycle kinetics and caspases-3 activity were also carried out to confirm anticancer activity of piperine. Results showed that various concentrations (25-300 μM) of piperine exposure reduced the cell viability of KB cells significantly (P < 0.01). Piperine induced significant (P < 0.01) dose-related increment in ROS production and nuclear condensation. Moreover, piperine stimulated cell death by inducing loss of MMP, and caspase-3 activation. Cell cycle study revealed that piperine arrested the cells in G2/M phase and decreased the DNA content. Findings of this study suggest the efficacy of piperine in inducing cell death via the decrease in MMP and ROS liberation followed by caspase-3 activation and cell cycle arrest. Further assessment of the anticancer potency of piperine is needed for anticancer drug development.
ISSN:0163-5581
1532-7914
DOI:10.1080/01635581.2017.1310260