Geraniol, a Component of Plant Essential Oils, Inhibits Growth and Polyamine Biosynthesis in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Geraniol and other monoterpenes found in essential oils of fruits and herbs have been suggested to represent a new class of agents for cancer chemoprevention. As a first step in clarifying the mode of action of geraniol on colon carcinogenesis, we studied its effects on the growth of a human colon c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 2001-07, Vol.298 (1), p.197
Main Authors: Carnesecchi, S, Schneider, Y, Ceraline, J, Duranton, B, Gosse, F, Seiler, N, Raul, F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis - drug effects
Apoptosis - physiology
Biogenic Polyamines - biosynthesis
Caco-2 Cells - drug effects
Caco-2 Cells - metabolism
Cell Division - drug effects
Cell Division - physiology
Colonic Neoplasms - drug therapy
Humans
Ornithine Decarboxylase - biosynthesis
Ornithine Decarboxylase - drug effects
Plant Oils - pharmacology
Plant Oils - therapeutic use
Terpenes - pharmacology
Terpenes - therapeutic use
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Summary:Geraniol and other monoterpenes found in essential oils of fruits and herbs have been suggested to represent a new class of agents for cancer chemoprevention. As a first step in clarifying the mode of action of geraniol on colon carcinogenesis, we studied its effects on the growth of a human colon cancer cell line (Caco-2). Geraniol (400 μM) caused a 70% inhibition of cell growth, with cells accumulating in the S transition phase of the cell cycle, and concomitant inhibition of DNA synthesis. No signs of cytotoxicity or apoptosis were detected. Geraniol caused a 50% decrease of ornithine decarboxylase activity, a key enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, which is enhanced in cancer growth. This led to a 40% reduction of the intracellular pool of putrescine. Geraniol also activated the intracellular catabolism of polyamines, indicated by enhanced polyamine acetylation. These observations indicate that polyamine metabolism is presumably a target in the antiproliferative properties of geraniol.
ISSN:0022-3565
1521-0103