Localization of Bovine papillomavirus in equine sarcoids and inflammatory skin conditions of horses using laser microdissection and two forms of DNA amplification

Equine sarcoids are the most common tumor of horses. Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) has been suggested as the cause of sarcoids. Studies have shown that BPV is present in swabs or biopsies from nonsarcoid-bearing equine skin. Skin biopsies from a variety of different conditions and normal skin from hor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation 2012, Vol.24 (1), p.32-41
Main Authors: Wobeser, Bruce K, Hill, Janet E, Jackson, Marion L, Kidney, Beverly A, Mayer, Monique N, Townsend, Hugh G.G, Allen, Andrew L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bovine papillomavirus
Bovine papillomavirus 1 - genetics
Dermatitis - veterinary
Dermatitis - virology
Dermatologic Surgical Procedures
dermis
DNA
DNA, Viral - genetics
Horse Diseases - virology
horses
Horses - virology
inflammation
Keratinocytes - virology
Microdissection - methods
Microdissection - veterinary
Microscopy, Confocal - methods
Microscopy, Confocal - veterinary
Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques - methods
Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques - veterinary
Papillomavirus Infections - veterinary
Papillomavirus Infections - virology
polymerase chain reaction
Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary
sarcoid
Sarcoidosis - veterinary
Sarcoidosis - virology
Skin - virology
Skin Diseases, Viral - veterinary
Skin Diseases, Viral - virology
viruses
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Summary:Equine sarcoids are the most common tumor of horses. Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) has been suggested as the cause of sarcoids. Studies have shown that BPV is present in swabs or biopsies from nonsarcoid-bearing equine skin. Skin biopsies from a variety of different conditions and normal skin from horses with no reported history of sarcoids were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of BPV, which was found in all different types of skin conditions as well as normal skin. Forty-one out of 86 skin biopsies from horses without sarcoids were found to contain BPV DNA. Laser microdissection, followed by DNA amplification through both PCR and isothermal loop-mediated amplification, was performed on these 41 biopsies and on 70 additional BPV-positive sarcoid biopsies to localize the virus. Location of BPV DNA was different between sarcoid and nonsarcoid groups. Nonsarcoid skin biopsies were more likely to have BPV within intact or inflamed epidermis than sarcoids (P = 0.016 and P = 0.007, respectively). Areas of inflammation within the dermis and epidermis were more likely to contain BPV than in noninflamed areas (P = 0.008 and P = 0.009, respectively). Bovine papillomavirus was also found in the epidermis of all types of sarcoids examined, more frequently in occult sarcoids than in fibroblastic and nodular types (P = 0.03 and P = 0.01, respectively). Results suggest that BPV is commonly found in normal and inflamed equine skin, and it is likely an important predisposing factor in the development of sarcoids.
ISSN:1040-6387
1943-4936
DOI:10.1177/1040638711425952