The use of an agricultural waste material, Jujuba seeds for the removal of anionic dye (Congo red) from aqueous medium

► We have introduced a low-cost, abundantly locally available non-conventional adsorbent in place of activated carbons. ► The kinetic data were well described by second order kinetic model and intra-particle diffusion model. ► The Langmuir and generalized isotherm models were the best fitting for th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of hazardous materials 2012-02, Vol.203, p.118-127
Main Authors: Somasekhara Reddy, M.C., Sivaramakrishna, L., Varada Reddy, A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorbents
Adsorption
agricultural wastes
aqueous solutions
Congo red
Congo Red - isolation & purification
decolorization
Dyes
energy
enthalpy
Entropy
forests
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Indian Jujuba seeds
Industrial Waste
Kinetics
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Seeds
Seeds - metabolism
sorption isotherms
temperature
Thermodynamic parameters
Thermodynamics
Waste water
wastewater
Ziziphus - embryology
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Summary:► We have introduced a low-cost, abundantly locally available non-conventional adsorbent in place of activated carbons. ► The kinetic data were well described by second order kinetic model and intra-particle diffusion model. ► The Langmuir and generalized isotherm models were the best fitting for the isotherm results. ► Removal capacity of Jujuba seeds is more than so many agricultural wastes. ► Relative cost of Jujuba seeds for the removal of Congo red can be compared with activated carbons The feasibility of using Indian Jujuba Seeds (IJS) ( Zizyphus maruritiana), abundantly available in and around the Nallamalla forest in Andhra Pradesh, for the anionic dye (Congo red, CR) adsorption from aqueous solution, has been investigated as low cost and eco-friendly adsorbent. Adsorption studies were conducted on a batch process, to study the effects of contact time, initial concentration of CR, pH and temperature. Maximum colour removal was observed at pH 2. The equilibrium data was analyzed by the Langmuir, the Freundlich and the General isotherms. The data fitted well with the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 55.56 mg g −1. The pseudo-second-order kinetics was the best for the adsorption of CR, by IJS ( Z. maruritiana) with good correlation. Thermodynamic parameters, such as standard free energy change (Δ G°), standard enthalpy change (Δ H°) and standard entropy change (Δ S°), were analyzed. The results suggest that IJS ( Z. maruritiana) is a potential low-cost adsorbent for the CR dye removal from synthetic dye wastewater.
ISSN:0304-3894
1873-3336
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.11.083