Analysis of Leukocytes in Medication-Overuse Headache, Chronic Migraine, and Episodic Migraine

(Headache 2011;51:1228‐1238) Objective.— To evaluate the number of immune cells in the peripheral blood of medication‐overuse headache (MOH), chronic migraine (CM), and migraine without aura (MWA) patients, as well as from controls. Background.— Migraine has been linked to immunologic disturbances,...

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Published in:Headache 2011-09, Vol.51 (8), p.1228-1238
Main Authors: Forcelini, Cassiano M., Dantas, Denise C. M., Luz, Clarice, Santin, Ricardo, Stein, Airton T., Barros, Helena M. T., Barea, Liselotte M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen - pharmacology
Acetaminophen - therapeutic use
Adult
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic - pharmacology
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic - therapeutic use
Antigens, CD - metabolism
Anxiety
Biological and medical sciences
Body mass index
CD8 antigen
Cell Count
Cell number
chronic migraine
Data processing
Depression
Female
Headache
Headache Disorders - drug therapy
Headache Disorders - epidemiology
Headache Disorders - pathology
Headache Disorders, Secondary - drug therapy
Headache Disorders, Secondary - epidemiology
Headache Disorders, Secondary - pathology
Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy
Hematologic Tests
Hemoglobin
Humans
Immune system
Inflammation
Inventories
leukocyte
Leukocytes
Leukocytes - drug effects
Leukocytes - metabolism
Leukocytes - pathology
lymphocyte
Lymphocytes T
Male
Medical sciences
medication-overuse headache
Middle Aged
Migraine
Migraine Disorders - drug therapy
Migraine Disorders - epidemiology
Migraine Disorders - pathology
Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)
Neurology
Peripheral blood
psychiatric co-morbidity
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Regression analysis
Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system
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Summary:(Headache 2011;51:1228‐1238) Objective.— To evaluate the number of immune cells in the peripheral blood of medication‐overuse headache (MOH), chronic migraine (CM), and migraine without aura (MWA) patients, as well as from controls. Background.— Migraine has been linked to immunologic disturbances, but the role of the immune system in chronic forms of headache that evolve from migraine has not been studied. Psychiatric co‐morbidity has been related to both headache chronification and immunologic alterations. Methods.— This cross‐sectional study comprised 68 subjects divided in 4 groups: MOH, CM, MWA, control. Subjects were gender‐matched, had no physical co‐morbidity, and were taking only acetaminophen. Clinical and psychological data were recorded in a standardized protocol. Samples of peripheral blood for hematological analysis were obtained in the morning during the ictal (MOH, CM, and MWA groups) and interictal periods (MWA group), as well from control group. Results.— A higher lymphocyte count was measured in MOH patients relative to the MWA patients (mean ± standard deviation: 2448.7/mm3 ± 775.8 vs 1859.7/mm3 ± 564.7; P = .027). The numbers of blood lymphocytes for CM and control subjects were 2086.1/mm3 ± 540.5 and 1961.7/mm3 ± 385.6, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that only MOH and MWA groups remained associated with lymphocyte count (B = 540.7; CI 95%: 55.2‐1026.1; P = .03; R2 = 19.2%). Analysis for linearity of variables in the spectrum control/MWA/CM/MOH resulted positive for body mass index (from 23.5 ± 3.25 in controls to 26.5 ± 4.49 in MOH patients; P = .034), scores on Beck Depression Inventory (from 3.29 ± 3.05 to 14.65 ± 11.21; P 
ISSN:0017-8748
1526-4610
DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.01902.x