Effect of repeated restraint stress and clomipramine on Na +/K +-ATPase activity and behavior in rats

• Clomipramine and stress alter Na +/K +-ATPase activity in brain structures. • Brain structures showed different responses to Na +/K +-ATPase activity. • Exposure to repeated restraint stress induces some behavioral alterations. • Clomipramine may influence the expression of behaviors such as memor...

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Published in:International journal of developmental neuroscience 2011-12, Vol.29 (8), p.909-916
Main Authors: Balk, Rodrigo de Souza, Silva, Michele Hinerasky da, Bridi, Jessika Cristina, Carvalho, Nelson Rodrigues, Portella, Rafael de Lima, Dobrachinski, Fernando, Amaral, Guilherme Pires, Barcelos, Rômulo, Dias, Glaecir Roseni Mundstock, Rocha, João Batista Teixeira da, Barbosa, Nilda Berenice Vargas, Soares, Felix Alexandre Antunes
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic - pharmacology
Behavior
Behavior, Animal - drug effects
Clomipramine
Clomipramine - pharmacology
Male
Na +/K +-ATPase
Neuropsychological Tests
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Repeated restraint stress
Restraint, Physical - psychology
Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase - metabolism
Stress, Psychological - physiopathology
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Summary:• Clomipramine and stress alter Na +/K +-ATPase activity in brain structures. • Brain structures showed different responses to Na +/K +-ATPase activity. • Exposure to repeated restraint stress induces some behavioral alterations. • Clomipramine may influence the expression of behaviors such as memory and learning. Activation of the limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (LHPA) and the release of glucocorticoids are fundamental for the adaptive response and immediate survival of an organism in reaction to acute stimuli. However, high levels of glucocorticoids in the brain may produce neuronal injury and a decrease of Na +/K +-ATPase activity, with effects on neurotransmitter signaling, neural activity, as well as the whole animal behavior. Clomipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine by indirect actions on the dopaminergic system and LHPA axis. Its chronic use increases the body's ability to cope with stress; however, high doses can potentiate its side effects on memory, learning, and sensory motor function. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of repeated restraint stress and clomipramine treatment on Na +/K +-ATPase activity and on the behavior of male rats. Changes in the behavioral response were evaluated by measuring the memory, learning, anxiety, and exploratory responses. Our results showed that exposure to repeated restraint stress reduced levels of Na +/K +-ATPase in brain structures and changed short and long-term memory, learning, and exploratory response when compared to the control group. Exposure to clomipramine treatment increased anxiety levels and reduced Na +/K +-ATPase activity in the cerebral cortex as well as short term memory, learning, and exploratory response. In conclusion, the present results provide additional evidence concerning how repeated restraint stress and clomipramine chronically administered at higher dose levels affect the neural activity and behavior of male rats.
ISSN:0736-5748
1873-474X
DOI:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2011.06.010