Tolerability and antibody response in adolescents and adults revaccinated with tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine adsorbed (Tdap) 4–5 years after a previous dose

Abstract Background Although decennial adult boosters of tetanus and diphtheria toxoids are recommended in Canada and the United States, a second dose of pertussis vaccine is not currently recommended for adults. Methods This open-label, postmarketing, multicenter study evaluated the tolerability an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccine 2011-10, Vol.29 (46), p.8459-8465
Main Authors: Halperin, Scott A, McNeil, Shelly, Langley, Joanne, Blatter, Mark, Dionne, Marc, Embree, Joanne, Johnson, Roehl, Latiolais, Thomas, Meekison, William, Noya, Francisco, Senders, Shelly, Zickler, Paul, Johnson, David R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acellular pertussis vaccine
Adolescent
Adolescent immunization
Adult
Adult immunization
Age
Aged
Allergy and Immunology
Antibodies, Bacterial - blood
Antitoxins - blood
Applied microbiology
Bacterial diseases
Biological and medical sciences
Canada
Confidence intervals
Consent
Diphtheria
Diphtheria vaccine
Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines - administration & dosage
Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines - adverse effects
Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines - immunology
Ent and stomatologic bacterial diseases
Erythema - chemically induced
Erythema - epidemiology
Fatigue - chemically induced
Fatigue - epidemiology
Female
Fever - chemically induced
Fever - epidemiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Headache - chemically induced
Headache - epidemiology
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Immunization, Secondary - adverse effects
Immunization, Secondary - methods
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Pain - chemically induced
Pain - epidemiology
Studies
Teenagers
Tetanus
Tetanus vaccine
United States
Vaccines
Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies (general aspects)
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract Background Although decennial adult boosters of tetanus and diphtheria toxoids are recommended in Canada and the United States, a second dose of pertussis vaccine is not currently recommended for adults. Methods This open-label, postmarketing, multicenter study evaluated the tolerability and immunogenicity of a second dose of an adult formulation of tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccine (Tdap) in adolescents and adults 5 years after a first dose. Results A total of 545 participants from previous Tdap vaccine studies, ranging in age from 15 to 69 years, participated in this study. Of these participants, 94.2% had at least one solicited adverse event after the booster dose such as injection-site erythema (28.6%), swelling (25.6%), or pain (87.6%) or a systemic adverse event such as myalgia (61.0%), headache (53.2%), malaise (38.2%), or fever (6.5%). These adverse events were slightly more frequent than after the initial dose. Postvaccination, 100% of participants had a tetanus antibody level ≥0.10 IU/mL and 95% had a diphtheria antibody level ≥0.10 IU/mL. For pertussis, 82.1% (pertussis toxoid), 96.7% (filamentous hemagglutinin), 95.6% (pertactin), and 99.8% (fimbriae) had a postvaccination antibody threshold of ≥50 EU/mL. Conclusion A second dose of Tdap vaccine 5 years after the initial dose was well tolerated and immunogenic in adolescents and adults.
ISSN:0264-410X
1873-2518
DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.068