Influence of crystalline diamond nanoparticles on diamond-like carbon friction behavior

► The sp 3/ sp 2 ratio slightly increased with the presence of CD particles. ► CD particles reduce DLC average friction coefficient by the formation of low-shear microfilms on the coating or by the asperity tips of the coating. ► DLC films with particles of 4 nm presented the most homogeneous fricti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied surface science 2011-06, Vol.257 (17), p.7387-7393
Main Authors: Radi, P.A., Marciano, F.R., Lima-Oliveira, D.A., Santos, L.V., Corat, E.J., Trava-Airoldi, V.J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Austenitic stainless steels
Cadmium
Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties
Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties
Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science
rheology
Crystal structure
Crystalline diamond particles
Diamond-like carbon
Diamond-like carbon films
Exact sciences and technology
Friction
Friction behavior
Friction, lubrication, and wear
Infrared and Raman spectra
Infrared and raman spectra and scattering
Materials science
Mathematical models
Nanoparticles
Nanostructure
Optical properties and condensed-matter spectroscopy and other interactions of matter with particles and radiation
Physics
Roughness
Structure and morphology
thickness
Surfaces and interfaces
thin films and whiskers (structure and nonelectronic properties)
Thin film structure and morphology
Treatment of materials and its effects on microstructure and properties
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Summary:► The sp 3/ sp 2 ratio slightly increased with the presence of CD particles. ► CD particles reduce DLC average friction coefficient by the formation of low-shear microfilms on the coating or by the asperity tips of the coating. ► DLC films with particles of 4 nm presented the most homogeneous friction map, with minor variation in friction coefficient with the increase/decrease of load and sliding speed, even when the nanoparticle concentration increase. Crystalline diamond (CD) particles have been incorporated in diamond-like carbon (DLC) film structure in order to improve DLC electrochemical corrosion resistance. This paper shows the investigation of CD-DLC friction behavior according to the CD average sizes and concentration. The films were growth over 304 stainless steel using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The response surface methodology was used to develop a mathematical modeling of friction for these films, using the experimental results, in order to identify parameters that control friction and construct tribological maps according to the CD average sizes. The presence of bigger CD particles (250 and 500 nm) increased the film roughness. Films with CD particles of 4 nm presented the most homogeneous friction map, with minor variation in friction coefficient with the increase/decrease of load and sliding speed even when the CD concentration increase. This result suggests that in CD-DLC films containing CD particles of 4 nm average size, the nanoparticles are better incorporated in DLC structure due to its average size (4 nm) that is near than DLC grain size and could occupy the nanospaces between DLC grains.
ISSN:0169-4332
1873-5584
DOI:10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.02.034