The influence of soluble carbon and fertilizer nitrogen on nitric oxide and nitrous oxide emissions from two contrasting agricultural soils

Contradictory effects of simultaneous available organic C and N sources on nitrous oxide (N 2O), carbon dioxide (CO 2) and nitric oxide (NO) fluxes are reported in the literature. In order to clarify this controversy, laboratory experiments were conduced on two different soils, a semiarid arable soi...

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Published in:Soil biology & biochemistry 2008, Vol.40 (1), p.142-151
Main Authors: Sánchez-Martín, Laura, Vallejo, Antonio, Dick, Jan, M Skiba, Ute
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
agricultural soils
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
arable soils
Biochemistry and biology
Biological and medical sciences
Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties
dissolved organic carbon
fertilizer rates
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gas emissions
General agronomy. Plant production
Glucose
grassland soils
Mineral N
Mitigation
Nitric oxide
nitrogen fertilizers
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizations
Nitrous oxide
Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils
semiarid soils
soil chemical properties
Soil moisture
Soil respiration
Soil science
soil water content
Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments
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Summary:Contradictory effects of simultaneous available organic C and N sources on nitrous oxide (N 2O), carbon dioxide (CO 2) and nitric oxide (NO) fluxes are reported in the literature. In order to clarify this controversy, laboratory experiments were conduced on two different soils, a semiarid arable soil from Spain (soil I, pH=7.5, 0.8%C) and a grassland soil from Scotland (soil II, pH=5.5, 4.1%C). Soils were incubated at two different moisture contents, at a water filled pore space (WFPS) of 90% and 40%. Ammonium sulphate, added at rates equivalent to 200 and 50 kg N ha −1, stimulated N 2O and NO emissions in both soils. Under wet conditions (90% WFPS), at high and low rates of N additions, cumulative N 2O emissions increased by 250.7 and 8.1 ng N 2O–N g −1 in comparison to the control, respectively, in soil I and by 472.2 and 2.1 ng N 2O–N g −1, respectively, in soil II. NO emissions only significantly increased in soil I at the high N application rate with and without glucose addition and at both 40% and 90% WFPS. In both soils additions of glucose together with the high N application rate (200 kg N ha −1) reduced cumulative N 2O and NO emissions by 94% and 55% in soil I, and by 46% and 66% in soil II, respectively. These differences can be explained by differences in soil properties, including pH, soil mineral N and total and dissolved organic carbon content. It is speculated that nitrifier denitrification was the main source of NO and N 2O in the C-poor Spanish soil, and coupled nitrification–denitrification in the C-rich Scottish soil.
ISSN:0038-0717
1879-3428
DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.07.016