Plant ferredoxin-like protein (PFLP) outside chloroplast in Arabidopsis enhances disease resistance against bacterial pathogens

▶ PFLP-enhanced disease resistance is subcellular localization dependent. ▶ PFLP-enhanced disease resistance is only achieved when it is outside the chloroplast. ▶ PFLP-enhanced disease resistance is associated with harpin-mediated HR. Protection of crops against bacterial disease is an important is...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant science (Limerick) 2010-11, Vol.179 (5), p.450-458
Main Authors: Lin, Yi-Hsien, Huang, Hsiang-En, Wu, Fang-Sheng, Ger, Mang-Jye, Liao, Pei-Luan, Chen, Yen-Ru, Tzeng, Kuo-Ching, Feng, Teng-Yung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis thaliana
Ascorbic acid
bacterial proteins
Biological and medical sciences
Capsicum annuum
Chloroplast
chloroplasts
cytochemistry
cytoplasm
Disease resistance
ferredoxins
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gene expression
Harpin
hypersensitive response
Hypersensitive response (HR)
intercellular spaces
NADP (coenzyme)
oxidoreductases
Plant ferredoxin-like protein (PFLP)
plant pathogenic bacteria
plant proteins
protein targeting
protein transport
Pseudomonas syringae
Ralstonia solanacearum
Subcellular localization
transgenes
transgenic plants
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Summary:▶ PFLP-enhanced disease resistance is subcellular localization dependent. ▶ PFLP-enhanced disease resistance is only achieved when it is outside the chloroplast. ▶ PFLP-enhanced disease resistance is associated with harpin-mediated HR. Protection of crops against bacterial disease is an important issue in agricultural production. One of the strategies to lead plants become resistant against bacterial pathogens is employing a transgene, like plant ferredoxin-like protein (PFLP). PFLP is a photosynthetic type ferredoxin isolated from sweet pepper and contains a signal peptide for targeting towards chloroplasts. Our previous reports indicated that transgenic plants with this protein are more resistant against bacterial pathogens. However, this heterologous protein was visualized not only inside the chloroplasts, but also in the cytoplasm. In this article, we moved to study its heterologous expression in Arabidopsis by expressing the protein in chloroplast, apoplast and cytoplasm. This work was achieved by engineering a chloroplast target (CPF), an apoplast target (ESF), and cytoplasm target (DF) plants. The expression and subcellular localization of PFLP were analyzed by Western blot and immuno-staining by confocal microscopy, respectively. We tested the ability of the transgenic Arabidopsis for resistance to two Ralstonia solanacearum strains and their ability to increase the hypersensitive response (HR) triggered by harpin (HrpZ) from Pseudomonas syringae. The DF and ESF plants conferred resistance against bacterial wilt strains and increased HR by harpin, but no resistance found in the CPF plants. In addition, we determined the level of reduced ascorbate in all transgenic plants and further analyzed the expression of two NADPH-oxidase genes ( AtrbohD and AtrbohF) in ESF plant. Among the transgenic Arabidopsis plants, ESF plants confer the highest resistance to bacterial pathogens and followed by DF plants. We concluded that PFLP enhances disease resistance in Arabidopsis when expressed in the apoplast or in cytoplasm but not when targeted into the chloroplast. This study provides a strategy for molecular breeding to improve resistance of crops against bacterial pathogens.
ISSN:0168-9452
1873-2259
DOI:10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.07.006