Protective effect of date palm fruit extract ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) on dimethoate induced-oxidative stress in rat liver

Nowadays, people’s exposure to chemical compounds such as organophosphorus insecticides is continuously on the rise more and more. Theses compounds have induced an excessive production of free radicals which are responsible for several cell alterations in the organism. Recent investigations have pro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft für Toxikologische Pathologie 2011-07, Vol.63 (5), p.433-441
Main Authors: Saafi, Emna Behija, Louedi, Mouna, Elfeki, Abdelfattah, Zakhama, Abdelfattah, Najjar, Mohamed Fadhel, Hammami, Mohamed, Achour, Lotfi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alkaline phosphatase
Animals
Antioxidant
antioxidants
Antioxidants - isolation & purification
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Antioxidants - therapeutic use
Arecaceae - chemistry
Biological and medical sciences
catalase
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - enzymology
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - metabolism
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - prevention & control
Date fruit ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) extract
Dimethoate
Dimethoate - toxicity
free radicals
Fruit - chemistry
fruit extracts
gamma-glutamyltransferase
glutathione peroxidase
hepatotoxicity
histopathology
inflammation
Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)
lactate dehydrogenase
lipid peroxidation
Liver
Liver - drug effects
Liver - enzymology
Liver - metabolism
Liver Function Tests
Male
malondialdehyde
Medical sciences
necrosis
oral administration
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Pathology. Cytology. Biochemistry. Spectrometry. Miscellaneous investigative techniques
people
Phoenix dactylifera
Plant Extracts - isolation & purification
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plant Extracts - therapeutic use
protective effect
Rats
Rats, Wistar
subchronic exposure
superoxide dismutase
transaminases
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Summary:Nowadays, people’s exposure to chemical compounds such as organophosphorus insecticides is continuously on the rise more and more. Theses compounds have induced an excessive production of free radicals which are responsible for several cell alterations in the organism. Recent investigations have proved the crucial role of nutritional antioxidants to prevent the damage caused by toxic compounds. In this study, we investigate the role of date palm fruit extract ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) in protection against oxidative damage and hepatotoxicity induced by subchronic exposure to dimethoate (20 mg/kg/day). Oral administration of dimethoate caused hepatotoxicity as monitored by the increase in the levels of hepatic markers enzymes (transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase), as well as in hepatic malondialdehyde thus causing drastic alteration in antioxidant defence system. Particularly, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were found increased by dimethoate while catalase (CAT) activity was reduced significantly. These biochemical alterations were accompanied by histological changes marked by appearance of vacuolization, necrosis, congestion, inflammation, and enlargement of sinusoids in liver section. Pretreatment with date palm fruit extract restored the liver damage induced by dimethoate, as revealed by inhibition of hepatic lipid peroxidation, amelioration of SOD, GPx and CAT activities and improvement of histopathology changes. The present findings indicate that in vivo date palm fruit may be useful for the prevention of oxidative stress induced hepatotoxicity.
ISSN:0940-2993
1618-1433
DOI:10.1016/j.etp.2010.03.002