Cinnamic acid, coumarin and vanillin: Alternative phenolic compounds for efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the unicellular green alga, Nannochloropsis sp

The use of acetosyringone in Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer into plant hosts has been favored for the past few decades. The influence of other phenolic compounds and their effectiveness in Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation systems has been neglected. In this study, the efficacy of fo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of microbiological methods 2011-03, Vol.84 (3), p.430-434
Main Authors: Cha, Thye-San, Chen, Chin-Fong, Yee, Willy, Aziz, Ahmad, Loh, Saw-Hong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetophenones - metabolism
acetosyringone
Agrobacterium
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
Bacteriological methods and techniques used in bacteriology
Bacteriology
Benzaldehydes - metabolism
beta-glucuronidase
Biological and medical sciences
Chlorophycota
Cinnamates - metabolism
cinnamic acid
coumarin
Coumarins - metabolism
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gene induction
gene transfer
genes
Genes, Reporter
Glucuronidase - genetics
Glucuronidase - metabolism
GUS
hosts
Microalgae
Microbiology
Nannochloropsis
Phenolic compounds
Rhizobium - genetics
Stramenopiles - genetics
Transcriptional Activation
Transformation, Genetic
vanillin
vir gene inducer
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Summary:The use of acetosyringone in Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer into plant hosts has been favored for the past few decades. The influence of other phenolic compounds and their effectiveness in Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation systems has been neglected. In this study, the efficacy of four phenolic compounds on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the unicellular green alga Nannochloropsis sp. (Strain UMT-M3) was assessed by using β-glucuronidase (GUS) assay. We found that cinnamic acid, vanillin and coumarin produced higher percentages of GUS positive cells as compared to acetosyringone. These results also show that the presence of methoxy group in the phenolic compounds may not be necessary for Agrobacterium vir gene induction and receptor binding as suggested by previous studies. These findings provide possible alternative Agrobacterium vir gene inducers that are more potent as compared to the commonly used acetosyringone in achieving high efficiency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in microalgae and possibly for other plants. ► Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of unicellular green alga, Nannochloropsis sp. ► Cinnamic acid, coumarin and vanillin are more potent vir inducers than acetosyringone. ► Methoxy group not necessary for vir gene induction and receptor binding.
ISSN:0167-7012
1872-8359
DOI:10.1016/j.mimet.2011.01.005