Stress augments food ‘wanting’ and energy intake in visceral overweight subjects in the absence of hunger

Abstract Stress may induce eating in the absence of hunger, possibly involving changes in food reward, i.e. ‘liking’ and ‘wanting’. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of acute psychological stress on food reward, and on energy intake, in visceral overweight (VO) vs. normal weight...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physiology & behavior 2011-05, Vol.103 (2), p.157-163
Main Authors: Lemmens, Sofie G, Rutters, Femke, Born, Jurriaan M, Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acute effects
Adult
Affect - physiology
anxiety
Anxiety - physiopathology
Appetite - physiology
Behavioral psychophysiology
beverages
Biological and medical sciences
breads
carbohydrate intake
cross-over studies
desserts
Energy intake
Energy Intake - physiology
energy requirements
fat intake
Female
food intake
Food Preferences - physiology
Food Preferences - psychology
Food reward
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
heart rate
Heart Rate - physiology
Humans
hunger
Hunger - physiology
ingestion
Liking
Male
Medical sciences
Metabolic diseases
Middle Aged
Obesity
overweight
Overweight - physiopathology
Overweight - psychology
Psychiatry
psychological stress
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
questionnaires
Reward
Satiation - physiology
satiety
snacks
Stress
Stress, Psychological - physiopathology
Stress, Psychological - psychology
Visceral overweight
Wanting
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Summary:Abstract Stress may induce eating in the absence of hunger, possibly involving changes in food reward, i.e. ‘liking’ and ‘wanting’. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of acute psychological stress on food reward, and on energy intake, in visceral overweight (VO) vs. normal weight (NW) subjects. Subjects (27 NW, age = 26 ± 9 yrs, BMI = 22 ± 2 kg/m2 ; 15 VO, age = 36 ± 12 yrs, BMI = 28 ± 1 kg/m2 ) came to the university twice, fasted, for either a rest or stress condition (randomized cross-over design). Per test-session ‘liking’ and ‘wanting’ for 72 items divided in six categories (bread, filling, drinks, dessert, snacks, and stationery (control)) were measured twice, each time followed by a wanted meal. Appetite profile (visual analogue scales, VAS), heart rate, mood state and level of anxiety (POMS/STAI questionnaires) were measured. High hunger and low satiety (64 ± 19, 22 ± 20 mmVAS) confirmed the fasted state. Elevated heart rate, anger and confusion scores (p ≤ 0.03) confirmed the stress vs. rest condition. Consumption of the first meal decreased hunger, increased satiety, and decreased ranking of ‘liking’ of bread vs. increased ranking of ‘liking’ of the control (p < 0.001). ‘Wanting’ for dessert and snacks, energy intake, carbohydrate and fat intake for the second meal stress vs. rest relatively increased in VO vs. decreased in NW (p < 0.02). During stress vs. rest VO showed a 6 ± 9% increase in percentage of daily energy requirements consumed over the two meals (p = 0.01). To conclude, visceral overweight subjects showed stress-induced food intake in the absence of hunger, resulting in an increased energy intake.
ISSN:0031-9384
1873-507X
DOI:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.01.009