Reversal of the Concreteness Effect for Verbs in Patients With Semantic Dementia

The authors assessed comprehension of carefully matched classes of words, manipulating grammatical subcategory (noun and verb) and semantic (concrete and abstract) characteristics for participants with semantic dementia (SD) or probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). Participants selected the best o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuropsychology 2007-01, Vol.21 (1), p.9-19
Main Authors: Yi, Hyon-Ah, Moore, Peachie, Grossman, Murray
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Alzheimer Disease - physiopathology
Alzheimer's Disease
Analysis of Variance
Biological and medical sciences
Cognitive Impairment
Comprehension - physiology
Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases
Dementia
Dementia - physiopathology
Female
Frontal Lobe
Human
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Neurology
Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Reaction Time - physiology
Semantic Dementia
Semantic Memory
Semantics
Temporal Lobe
Verbal Behavior - physiology
Verbs
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Summary:The authors assessed comprehension of carefully matched classes of words, manipulating grammatical subcategory (noun and verb) and semantic (concrete and abstract) characteristics for participants with semantic dementia (SD) or probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). Participants selected the best of four words that matched a verbal description. Participants with AD or SD were significantly impaired with verbs compared with nouns. Moreover, participants with SD showed significantly greater difficulty with motion verbs compared to cognition verbs. The authors argue that two factors contribute to the difficulty with motion verbs for patients with SD. First, the verb semantic network is very poorly organized relative to the noun semantic network, leaving verbs more vulnerable to a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Second, visual feature knowledge is degraded in patients with SD because of the anatomic distribution of the disease in visual association cortex, causing relatively greater difficulty for concrete verbs compared to abstract verbs.
ISSN:0894-4105
1931-1559
DOI:10.1037/0894-4105.21.1.9