Loss of function of the influenza A virus NS1 protein promotes apoptosis but this is not due to a failure to activate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)

Abstract A panel of influenza A viruses encoding mutant NS1 proteins was created in which a number of NS1 functions, including interactions with dsRNA, PI3K, CPSF30 and PKR, were inhibited. Surprisingly, given previous reports that NS1 activates PI3K to prevent apoptosis, the mutant viruses rUd-Y89F...

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Published in:Virology (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2010-01, Vol.396 (1), p.94-105
Main Authors: Jackson, David, Killip, Marian J, Galloway, Caroline S, Russell, Rupert J, Randall, Richard E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis
Cell Line
Chromones - pharmacology
Cleavage And Polyadenylation Specificity Factor - physiology
eIF-2 Kinase - physiology
Enzyme Activation
Humans
Infectious Disease
Influenza A virus
Interferons - biosynthesis
Morpholines - pharmacology
NS1
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism
PI3K
Reverse genetics
Viral Nonstructural Proteins - physiology
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Summary:Abstract A panel of influenza A viruses encoding mutant NS1 proteins was created in which a number of NS1 functions, including interactions with dsRNA, PI3K, CPSF30 and PKR, were inhibited. Surprisingly, given previous reports that NS1 activates PI3K to prevent apoptosis, the mutant viruses rUd-Y89F and rUd-P164/7A that fail to activate PI3K did not induce any more apoptosis than wild-type virus in MRC-5 and A549 cells, even though these cells are highly sensitive to inducers of apoptosis. Induction of cell death by the apoptogenic rUd-184-8(P) virus could not be prevented by serum-mediated activation of PI3K/Akt. Neither infection of MRC-5 or A549 cells with wild-type virus nor constitutive expression of NS1 prevented cell death caused by apoptosis inducers, suggesting that NS1 is not directly anti-apoptotic. Our data suggest that the loss of a functionally intact NS1 protein promotes apoptosis, but this is not due to an inability to activate PI3K.
ISSN:0042-6822
1096-0341
DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2009.10.004