The effect of the local delivery of alendronate on human adipose-derived stem cell-based bone regeneration

Abstract Recent studies have shown that alendronate (Aln) enhances the osteogenesis of osteoblasts and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, we hypothesize that Aln may act as an osteo-inductive factor to stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADS...

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Published in:	Biomaterials 2010-11, Vol.31 (33), p.8674-8683
Main Authors:	Wang, Chau-Zen, Chen, Shih-Mao, Chen, Chung-Hwan, Wang, Chih-Kuang, Wang, Gwo-Jaw, Chang, Je-Ken, Ho, Mei-Ling
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adipose Tissue - cytology Adipose-derived stem cells Advanced Basic Science Alendronate Alendronate - pharmacology Alkaline Phosphatase - metabolism Animals BMP2 Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - metabolism Bone regeneration Bone Regeneration - drug effects Calcification, Physiologic - drug effects Cells, Cultured Dentistry Drug Delivery Systems Humans Immunohistochemistry Implants, Experimental In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Lactic Acid - pharmacology Male Osteogenesis Osteogenesis - drug effects Polyglycolic Acid - pharmacology Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Skull - drug effects Skull - pathology Stem Cells - cytology Stem Cells - drug effects Stem Cells - enzymology Wound Healing - drug effects
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Summary:	Abstract Recent studies have shown that alendronate (Aln) enhances the osteogenesis of osteoblasts and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, we hypothesize that Aln may act as an osteo-inductive factor to stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) for bone regeneration. The in vitro effect of Aln (1–10 μM) on the osteogenic ability of hADSCs was evaluated by examining mineralization and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) expression was measured using a real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Our results indicated that 5 μM Aln was sufficient to enhance BMP2 expression, ALP activity and mineralization in hADSCs. The in vivo effect of locally administered Aln on bone repair was examined in a rat critical-sized (7-mm) calvarial defect that was implanted with a hADSC-seeded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold. Aln (5 μM/100 μl/day) was injected locally into the defect site for one week. New bone formation was evaluated by radiographic and histological analyses at 8 and 12 weeks post-implantation. The expression levels of human BMP2 (hBMP2) and hADSC localization in defect sites were examined using immunohistochemistry analysis and fluorescent in situ hybridization, respectively. Results showed that local treatment of Aln on hADSC-seeded PLGA scaffolds at week 12 had a maximal effect on bone regeneration, enhancing mineralization and bone matrix formation. In addition, hADSCs and hBMP2 were also detected at the defect sites. These results demonstrated that local delivery of Aln, a potent osteo-inductive factor, enhances hADSC osteogenesis and bone regeneration.
ISSN:	0142-9612 1878-5905