ARABIDILLO proteins have a novel and conserved domain structure important for the regulation of their stability

ARABIDILLO proteins are F-box-Armadillo (ARM) proteins that regulate root branching in Arabidopsis. Many F-box proteins in plants, yeast and mammals are unstable. In plants, the mechanism for this instability has not been fully investigated. Here, we show that a conserved family of plant ARABIDILLO-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant molecular biology 2011, Vol.75 (1-2), p.77-92
Main Authors: Nibau, Cândida, Gibbs, Daniel J, Bunting, Karen A, Moody, Laura A, Smiles, Emma J, Tubby, Jennifer A, Bradshaw, Susan J, Coates, Juliet C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Sequence
Arabidopsis Proteins - chemistry
Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics
Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism
Armadillo repeats
beta Catenin - chemistry
beta Catenin - genetics
beta Catenin - metabolism
Binding Sites - genetics
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Blotting, Western
Botany
Cell cycle
Conserved Sequence - genetics
F-box
F-Box Proteins - chemistry
F-Box Proteins - genetics
F-Box Proteins - metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Hormones
Leucine-rich repeats
Life Sciences
Models, Molecular
Molecular biology
Molecular Sequence Data
Mutation
Phylogeny
Plant biology
Plant Pathology
Plant Sciences
Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex - metabolism
Protein Binding
Protein Stability
Protein Structure, Tertiary
Proteins
Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases - genetics
SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases - metabolism
Two-Hybrid System Techniques
Ubiquitin - metabolism
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Summary:ARABIDILLO proteins are F-box-Armadillo (ARM) proteins that regulate root branching in Arabidopsis. Many F-box proteins in plants, yeast and mammals are unstable. In plants, the mechanism for this instability has not been fully investigated. Here, we show that a conserved family of plant ARABIDILLO-related proteins has a unique domain structure consisting of an F-box and leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) followed by ARM-repeats. The LRRs are similar to those found in other plant and animal F-box proteins, including cell cycle proteins and hormone receptors. We demonstrate that the LRRs are required for ARABIDILLO1 function in vivo. ARABIDILLO1 protein is unstable: we show that ARABIDILLO1 protein is associated with ubiquitin and is turned over by the proteasome. Both the F-box and LRR regions of ARABIDILLO1 appear to enable this turnover to occur. Application of known lateral root-regulating signals has no effect on ARABIDILLO1 stability. In addition, plants that lack or overexpress ARABIDILLO proteins respond normally to known lateral root-regulating signals. Thus, we suggest that the signal(s) regulating ARABIDILLO stability in vivo may be either highly specific or novel. The structural conservation between ARABIDILLOs and other plant and animal F-box proteins suggests that the stability of other F-box proteins may be controlled by similar mechanisms.
ISSN:0167-4412
1573-5028
DOI:10.1007/s11103-010-9709-1